Conciliating synchronicity with spatial discretization, exclusion, interactions, and detailed balance.

The construction of a discrete stochastic system of interacting particles that evolves through a fully synchronous evolution rule while satisfying detailed balance is a highly demanding task. As a consequence, the presence of nontrivial interaction fields can make synchronicity and thermodynamic equilibrium look as two conflicting counterparts. We show that, with the proper prescriptions, the process of migration of particles in a lattice of mutually exclusive nodes can be simulated with a fully synchronous algorithm, which we call parallel Kawasaki dynamics (PKD), that incorporates site exclusion, local interactions, and detailed balance without the need of system partitioning schemes. We show that the underlying pseudo-Hamiltonian (which is derived from the PKD dynamics instead of being assumed a priori as usual in a sequential Monte Carlo scheme) is temperature dependent and causes the resulting equilibrium properties to differ substantially from the conventional hopping model when the system is near critical conditions.