We use numerical Monte Carlo simulation to study the kinetics of the deposition of oriented superdisks, bounded by the Lame curves of the form |x|(2p)+|y|(2p)=1 on a regular planar substrate. Recently, it was shown that the maximum packing density as well as jamming density ρ(J) exhibit a discontinuous derivative at p=0.5 when the shape changes from convex to concave form. By careful examination of the late-stage approach to the jamming limit, we find that the leading term in the temporal development is also nonanalytic at p=0.5 and offer heuristic excluded-area arguments for this behavior.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.062112 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Hunan University, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lushan South Road, Yuelu District, 410082, Changsha, CHINA.
Site density and turnover frequency are the two fundamental kinetic descriptors that determine the oxygen reduction activity of iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) catalysts. However, it remains a grand challenge to simultaneously optimize these two parameters in a single Fe-N-C catalyst. Here we show that treating a typical Fe-N-C catalyst with ammonium iodine (NH4I) vapor via a one-step chemical vapor deposition process not only increases the surface area and porosity of the catalyst (and thus enhanced exposure of active sites) via the etching effect of the in-situ released NH3, but also regulates the electronic structure of the Fe-N4 moieties by the iodine dopants incorporated into the carbon matrix.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
This report investigates the preparation, characterization, and application of activated carbon derived from Spathodea campanulata flowers (SCAC) to remove Congo Red (CR) dye from aqueous streams. SCAC was synthesized using orthophosphoric acid activation which yielded a mesoporous material with a specific surface area of (986.41 m/g), significantly exceeding values reported for flower-derived activated carbons in the available literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
As a medium to understand the nature of glass transition, ultrastable glasses have garnered increasing attention for their significance in fundamental science and technological applications. Most studies have produced ultrastable glasses through a surface-controlled process using physical vapor deposition. Here, we demonstrate an approach to accessing ultrastable glasses via the glass-to-glass transition, a bulk transformation that is inherently free from size constraints and anisotropy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Institute of Thin Film Physics and Applications, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Thin Films and Applications, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Anisotropic carrier transport and deep-level defect of antimony selenosulfide (Sb(S,Se)) absorber are two vital auses restraining the photovoltaic performance of this emerging thin-film solar cell. Herein, chelate engineering is proposed to prepare high-quality Sb(S,Se) film based on hydrothermal deposition approach, which realizes desirable carrier transport and passivated defects by using tetrahedral PO ion in dibasic sodium phosphate (NaHPO, DSP). The PO Lewis structure, on one hand in the form of [(SbO)(PO)] chelate, can adsorb on the polar planes of cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer, promoting the heterogeneous nucleation, and on the other hand, the tetrahedral PO inhibits horizontal growth of (SbS(e)) ribbons due to size effects, thus achieving desirable [hk1] orientation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
January 2025
National local joint engineering research center for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Batteries Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China.
The stable operation of high-capacity lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) has been hampered by slow conversion kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and instability of the lithium metal anodes. Herein, 6-(dibutylamino)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-thiol (DTD) is introduced as a functional additive for accelerating the kinetics of cathodic conversion and modulating the anode interface. We proposed that a coordination interaction mechanism drives the polysulfide conversion and modulates the Li solvated structure during the binding of the N-active site of DTD to LiPSs and lithium salts.
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