AI Article Synopsis
- Increased cancer aggressiveness and mortality have been linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), primarily due to intermittent hypoxia (IH), which boosts melanoma growth and metastasis in mice.
- A study revealed that mice exposed to IH for 28 days had 84% larger lung tumors compared to those in normal air, with tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) shifting from an anti-tumor (M1) to a pro-tumor (M2) phenotype.
- The research indicates that IH alters TAMs, which then enhance cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, reinforcing the connection between OSA-related factors and negative cancer outcomes.
Article Abstract
Rationale: An increased cancer aggressiveness and mortality have been recently reported among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Intermittent hypoxia (IH), a hallmark of OSA, enhances melanoma growth and metastasis in mice.
Objectives: To assess whether OSA-related adverse cancer outcomes occur via IH-induced changes in host immune responses, namely tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
Measurements And Main Results: Lung epithelial TC1 cell tumors were 84% greater in mice subjected to IH for 28 days compared with room air (RA). In addition, TAMs in IH-exposed tumors exhibited reductions in M1 polarity with a shift toward M2 protumoral phenotype. Although TAMs from tumors harvested from RA-exposed mice increased TC1 migration and extravasation, TAMs from IH-exposed mice markedly enhanced such effects and also promoted proliferative rates and invasiveness of TC1 cells. Proliferative rates of melanoma (B16F10) and TC1 cells exposed to IH either in single culture or in coculture with macrophages (RAW 264.7) increased only when RAW 264.7 macrophages were concurrently present.
Conclusions: Our findings support the notion that IH-induced alterations in TAMs participate in the adverse cancer outcomes reported in OSA.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3977714 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201310-1830OC | DOI Listing |
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