Introduction: Basal encephalocele is rare in adults. Congenital and acquired cases have been reported with regard to the developmental mechanism, and the pathology has not been elucidated in detail.
Case Presentation: We encountered an adult with basal encephalocele strongly suggesting congenital development because of the presence of minor anomalies: strabismus and ocular hypertelorism. The disease manifested as persistent spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and repeated meningitis in a 66-year-old Japanese man. On computed tomography, brain tissue protruded through a part of the ethmoid bone of his right anterior skull base, and it was diagnosed as transethmoidal-type basal encephalocele. Regarding his facial form, the distance between his bilateral eyeballs was large compared to his facial width, and his canthal index (defined as inner to outer inter canthal ratio × 100) was calculated as 38.5, based on which it was judged as ocular hypertelorism. In addition, his right eyeball showed strabismus. A right frontotemporal craniotomy was performed for spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, and the defective dura mater region was patched with temporal fascia.
Conclusions: Mild minor anomalies that require no treatment are overlooked in adults, but the presence of several anomalies increases the possibility of congenital disease. Therefore, it may be necessary to examine minor anomalies in cases of adult basal encephalocele when considering the possibility that the disease may be congenital.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-8-24 | DOI Listing |
Cleft Palate Craniofac J
November 2024
Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Amrita Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
The article elucidates the management of a case of severe form of grade III hypertelorism with an intercanthal distance of 61 mm in a 4-year-old child. The management was especially challenging because of the patient's young age, degree of hypertelorism, wide cleft and simultaneous presence of 2 big (sincipital & basal) encephaloceles and a lipoma in the midline. This paper attempts to describe the attempted surgery, postoperative course and the learnings derived from its management to probably create a road-map for surgeons faced with such a challenge in future.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko
October 2024
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Surg Neurol Int
August 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Kasr Elainy School of Medicine, Research and Teaching Hospitals, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
A A Pract
July 2024
Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Primary encephaloceles are congenital mesodermal defects that result in brain tissue protruding through the skull. These defects most commonly occur occipitally but can be present anywhere in the calvarium. Meningoencephaloceles are a subclassification that includes herniation of the meninges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!