Polymorphism of the CD14 and TLR4 genes and post-treatment apical periodontitis.

Introduction: This study investigated the association of CD14 -260C>T and TLR4 +896A>G gene polymorphisms with post-treatment apical periodontitis in Brazilian individuals.

Methods: The study population consisted of 41 patients with post-treatment apical periodontitis and 42 individuals with root canal-treated teeth exhibiting healed/healing periradicular tissues (controls). All teeth had apical periodontitis lesions at the time of treatment, which was completed at least 1 year previously. Saliva was collected from the participants; DNA was extracted and used for CD14 and TLR4 genotyping using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism approach and a real-time polymerase chain reaction TaqMan assay (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), respectively.

Results: No specific genotype or allele of the CD14 and TLR4 genes or any combination thereof was positively associated with post-treatment apical periodontitis (P > .05).

Conclusions: Data from the present study suggest that polymorphisms in the CD14 and TLR4 genes do not influence the response to endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis.