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Epigenetic Biomarkers in Thrombophilia-Related Pregnancy Complications: Mechanisms, Diagnostic Potential, and Therapeutic Implications: A Narrative Review.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Pregnancy complications associated with thrombophilia represent significant risks for maternal and fetal health, leading to adverse outcomes such as pre-eclampsia, recurrent pregnancy loss, and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR). They are caused by disruptions in key physiological processes, including the coagulation cascade, trophoblast invasion, angiogenesis, and immune control. Recent advancements in epigenetics have revealed that non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying these RNAs, play crucial roles in the regulation of these biological processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal Stress Modulates Placental and Fetal Serotonin Levels and Determines Behavior Patterns in Offspring of Mice.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Laboratory of Comparative Developmental Physiology, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
Available evidence from animal studies suggests that placental serotonin plays an important role in proper fetal development and programming by altering brain circuit formation, which later translates into altered abnormal adult behaviors. Several environmental stimuli, including stress and maternal inflammation, affect placental and, hence, fetal serotonin levels and thus may disturb fetal brain development. We investigated the effect of prenatal stress of varying intensities on the formation of adaptive behaviors in mouse offspring and the role of placental serotonin in these processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntrauterine Growth Restriction Alters Postnatal Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus Neuron and Microglia Morphology and Cytokine/Chemokine Milieu in Mice.
Life (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
Infants born with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) have up to a five-fold higher risk of learning and memory impairment than those with normal growth. Using a mouse model of hypertensive diseases of pregnancy (HDP) to replicate uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI), we have previously shown that UPI causes premature embryonic hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) neurogenesis in IUGR offspring. The DG is a brain region that receives the first cortical information for memory formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntrauterine Adhesion-Induced Septated Amniotic Cavity: Ultrasonographic Findings in Second and Third Trimesters.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University Collage of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan.
A 40-year-old woman who had obstetric history of one vaginal delivery and two surgical abortions to terminate early pregnancy received regular prenatal care without any systemic maternal diseases. During the detailed second trimester ultrasound, a homogenous adhesion-induced pseudocystic lesion of 8.6 × 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy: A Case Report of a Rare and Critical Obstetric Condition.
Cureus
January 2025
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Thagher General Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as the concurrent presence of both an intrauterine pregnancy and an extrauterine (typically ectopic) pregnancy. This report presents the case of a 36-year-old female patient who presented to the emergency department with lower abdominal pain. A comprehensive evaluation, including transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound imaging, revealed a heterotopic pregnancy at an estimated gestational age of six weeks and two days.
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