The interaction of imines with isocyanides has been studied. The main product results from a sequential process involving the attack of two units of isocyanide, under Lewis acid catalysis, upon the carbon-nitrogen double bond of the imine to form the 4-membered ring system. The scope of the reaction regarding the imine and isocyanide ranges has been determined, and also some mechanistic variations and structural features have been described.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.3 | DOI Listing |
New Phytol
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Grasses are exceptionally productive, yet their hydraulic adaptation is paradoxical. Among C grasses, a high photosynthetic rate (A) may depend on higher vein density (D) and hydraulic conductance (K). However, the higher D of C grasses suggests a hydraulic surplus, given their reduced need for high K resulting from lower stomatal conductance (g).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Microbiome
January 2025
School of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Washington Bothell, UWBB-277, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA.
Background: Evolutionary tradeoffs between life-history strategies are important in animal evolution. Because microbes can influence multiple aspects of host physiology, including growth rate and susceptibility to disease or stress, changes in animal-microbial symbioses have the potential to mediate life-history tradeoffs. Scleractinian corals provide a biodiverse, data-rich, and ecologically-relevant host system to explore this idea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenet Epidemiol
January 2025
JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Human Genetics, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Biological datasets often consist of thousands or millions of variables, e.g. genetic variants or biomarkers, and when sample sizes are large it is common to find many associated with an outcome of interest, for example, disease risk in a GWAS, at high levels of statistical significance, but with very small effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Gastroenterol
November 2024
Division of Neurogastroenterology/Motility, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.
Anorectal neuropathy causes anorectal dysfunction, yet it is poorly recognized. This stems from both a lack of understanding of the extrinsic and intrinsic innervation of the anorectum and tools for evaluation of neuronal function. Our objective was to provide an improved understanding of the neuronal networks of the anorectum and discuss its functional significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 139 People's Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Neuroepithelial cell transforming gene 1 (NET1) is a member of the Ras homologue family member A (RhoA) subfamily of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and a key protein involved in the activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases, which act as regulators of cell proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, and cell movement and are crucial for cancer spread. Research has shown that NET1 can regulate the malignant biological functions of tumour cells, such as growth, invasion, and metastasis, and it is closely related to the progression of pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. However, the comprehensive role and mechanistic function of NET1 in other types of cancer remain largely unexplored.
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