Identification by DNA barcoding is more likely to be erroneous when it is based on a large distance between the query (the barcode sequence of the specimen to identify) and its best match in a reference barcode library. The number of such false positive identifications can be decreased by setting a distance threshold above which identification has to be rejected. To this end, we proposed recently to use an ad hoc distance threshold producing identifications with an estimated relative error probability that can be fixed by the user (e.g. 5%). Here we introduce two R functions that automate the calculation of ad hoc distance thresholds for reference libraries of DNA barcodes. The scripts of both functions, a user manual and an example file are available on the JEMU website (http://jemu.myspecies.info/computer-programs) as well as on the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN, http://cran.r-project.org).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.365.6034 | DOI Listing |
Genome Med
December 2024
Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Background: The impact of community carriage on the influx of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) into hospitals remains understudied. In this prospective 2-year single-centre study, we investigate the community ESBL-E influx and trace the colonisation, nosocomial acquisition, transmission, and infection dynamics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) in non-ICU wards at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This study reports primary and post hoc outcomes of the clinical trial NCT01208519 in which hospitalised patients were screened for rectal carriage of ESBL-E.
Comput Med Imaging Graph
December 2024
ICMUB, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France. Electronic address:
In real-world scenarios, medical image segmentation models encounter input images that may deviate from the training images in various ways. These differences can arise from changes in image scanners and acquisition protocols, or even the images can come from a different modality or domain. When the model encounters these out-of-distribution (OOD) images, it can behave unpredictably.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prosthet Dent
December 2024
Professor and Chair, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ.
Statement Of Problem: The advent of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) has necessitated the acquisition of digital scans. However, there are limitations and problems with acquiring accurate 3-dimensional (3D) casts from edentulous patients, especially in the presence of saliva.
Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to develop a novel approach for obtaining 3D casts of edentulous arches by using 2-dimensional (2D) images as an alternative to traditional 3D scanners with and without light detection and ranging (LiDAR).
Materials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, UKR University Hospital Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
This in vitro study investigated how varying magnifications (5×, 10×, 20×, and 50×) using a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) influence the measured surface roughness parameters, R/S and R/S, of various materials with two surface treatments. Cylindrical specimens (d ≈ 8 mm, h ≈ 3 mm, = 10) from titanium, zirconia, glass-ceramic, denture base material, and composite underwent diamond treatment (80 μm; wet) and polishing (#4000; wet; Tegramin-25, Struers, G). The surface roughness parameters (R/S, R/S) were measured with a CLSM (VK-100, Keyence, J) at 5×, 10×, 20×, and 50× magnifications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransl Vis Sci Technol
December 2024
Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
Purpose: To derive estimates of clinically meaningful change (improvement) on the 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) using anchor- and distribution-based methods.
Methods: In this exploratory post hoc analysis of data from the RIDE/RISE (NCT00473382/NCT00473330) clinical trials of ranibizumab for DME, the NEI VFQ-25 was completed at baseline and six, 12, 18, and 24 months. Anchor-based (≥5-, ≥10-, and ≥15-letter gain in best-corrected visual acuity [BCVA]) and distribution-based estimates were calculated.
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