We investigated the effect of sodium chloride intake on oxalate and calcium metabolism in the human body. In healthy subjects with a simultaneous intake of sodium oxalate (4 μmoles/kg body weight) and sodium chloride (1.2 mmoles/kg body weight), the change in oxalate-creatinine ratio was 2.04 ± 0.74, and 3.25 ± 1.29 (means ± SD), respectively, after 2 and 4 hours of oxalate intake (n = 8). The magnitude of the change in the ratio was significantly greater in the case with simultaneous intake of sodium chloride and sodium oxalate in comparison to the case with an intake of sodium oxalate alone (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 after 2 and 4 hours of intake of oxalate, respectively). In subjects with an intake of sodium chloride alone, the change in calcium-creatinine ratio was 49.07 ± 29.96 and 0.363 ± 0.309 (means ± SD), respectively, after 2 and 4 hours of sodium chloride intake (n = 3). The results suggest that high sodium intake can be one of the risk factors for urolithiasis.
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J Microbiol Biotechnol
December 2024
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea.
We compared the salt tolerance and proteolytic activity of 120 strains of each of , , and . Most strains exhibited growth in 12% (w/v) NaCl and showed proteolytic activity in 10% or 11% NaCl. The majority of strains grew in 14% NaCl and showed proteolytic activity in 12% or 13% NaCl.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
January 2025
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37205, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37205, USA. Electronic address:
Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have the potential to significantly advance resource recovery efforts where monovalent/divalent ion separation is critical, but their utilization is limited by inadequate stability under extreme conditions. "Base separation"-i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAstrobiology
January 2025
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, USA.
Meteoritic impacts on planetary surfaces deliver a significant amount of energy that can produce prebiotic organic compounds such as cyanides, which may be a key step to the formation of biomolecules. To study the chemical processes of impact-induced organic synthesis, we simulated the physicochemical processes of hypervelocity impacts (HVI) in experiments with both high-speed C projectiles and laser ablation. In the first approach, a C beam was accelerated to collide with ammonium nitrate (NHNO) to reproduce the shock process and plume generation of meteoritic impacts on nitrogen-rich planetary surfaces.
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January 2025
Department of Biotechnology, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, East Jakarta, Indonesia.
Erythritol is a beneficial sugar alcohol that can be used as a sugar substitute for diabetic patients. Erythritol is a bioproduct produced by microorganisms as a response to high osmotic pressure and stress in the growth medium. High concentrations of carbon source substrate can increase the osmotic pressure and provide more nutrient supply for yeast growth and metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Water quality management is a critical aspect of environmental sustainability, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran where water scarcity is compounded by quality degradation. This study delves into the causal relationships influencing water quality, focusing on Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) as a primary indicator in the Karkheh River, southwest Iran. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset spanning 50 years (1968-2018), this research integrates Machine Learning (ML) techniques to examine correlations and infer causality among multiple parameters, including flow rate (Q), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Chloride (Cl), Sulfate (SO), Bicarbonates (HCO), and pH.
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