The effects of domestic processing with dry heat (F2-oven/milling; F3-milling/oven; F4-microwave oven/milling; F5-milling/microwave oven; F6-popped grains/milling) and wet heat (F7-cooking in water/drying/milling) on the antioxidant profile of sorghum flours (F1-raw flour) were evaluated. 3-Deoxyanthocyanidins and total phenolic compounds were stable to dry heat (retention between 96.1% and 106.3%) and reduced with wet heat. All processing with dry heat increased the vitamin E content (2,201.9-3,112.1 μg/100 g) and its retention, and reduced the carotenoids (4.78-17.27 μg/100 g). The antioxidant activity in processed flours with dry heat remained constant (F3 and F6) or increased (F2, F4 and F5) and decreased after processing with wet heat. Overall, the grains milled before processing in oven and in microwave oven retained more vitamin E and less carotenoids than those milled after these processing. In conclusion, dry heat did not affect the phenolic compounds and 3-deoxyanthocyanidins of sorghum, but increased the vitamin E and antioxidant activity, and reduced the carotenoids. The wet heat processing reduced all antioxidant compounds except carotenoids, which increased.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.106 | DOI Listing |
Animals (Basel)
January 2025
School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia.
The extent of endocrine changes in response to various levels of heat stress and subsequent recovery is not well understood. Two cohorts of 12 Black Angus steers were housed in climate-controlled rooms (CCR) and subjected to three thermal periods: PreChallenge (5 d), Challenge (7 d) and Recovery (5 d). PreChallenge and Recovery provided thermoneutral conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Bioanal Chem
January 2025
Laboratory for Food Safety, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), Université Paris-Est, 94700, Maisons-Alfort, France.
This study presents the development and validation of a precise analytical method for the speciation analysis of arsenic (As) compounds, including inorganic species [As(III) and As(V)] and organic species such as monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). The method employs anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (AE HPLC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To optimize the sample preparation process, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and heat-assisted extraction (HAE) techniques were evaluated and compared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, PR China.
Heat pump drying technology based on sewage heat source is an eco-friendly sludge drying method. It can effectively reduce the pollution of natural water bodies by waste heat while reducing energy consumption. However, the drying characteristics of sludge in this case remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Sci
December 2024
Grupo de Pesquisa em Patologia Animal no Bioma Amazônico, Centro de Diagnóstico Animal, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rolim de Moura 76940000, Brazil.
This study investigated the abundance of zooplankton copepods and ostracods taxonomic groups in fish farms in Rondônia's Vale do Jamari and Centro-Leste microregions during the rainy and dry seasons. It also analyzed the correlation between zooplanktons abundance and the presence of acanthocephalan parasites. Conducted in 41 fish farms between November 2021 and September 2023, the study included water, zooplankton, and fish samples from 196 .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Prog
January 2025
National Fire Research Institute, Asan-si, Republic of Korea.
Firefighters are exposed to the risk of burns at fire scenes. In 2020, the National Fire Agency of the Republic of Korea surveyed 50,527 firefighters and identified 242 burn-related incidents. The body parts affected by these burns were the hands (28.
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