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A case presentation of widespread macular amyloidosis associated with dual hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection.
Dermatol Online J
August 2024
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Macular amyloidosis is a variant of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis in which amyloid protein is believed to be derived from keratinocytes. The care of this variant generally focuses on addressing the associated symptoms without the need to assess for underlying disease. However, an increasing number of cases of primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis have been reported in association with systemic diseases, particularly autoimmune diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostic Utility of Pre-Genomic Hepatitis B RNA in the Evaluation of HBV/HIV Coinfection.
Pathog Immun
July 2024
Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Diagnostics Division, Abbott Park, IL.
Background: Newer biomarkers of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and treatment response have not been well-characterized in individuals with HBV/HIV coinfection.
Methods: Pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) and quantitative HBsAg (qHBsAg) were used to evaluate the associations with baseline characteristics. Participants included two separate groups - 236 with HBV/HIV coinfection enrolled in a cross-sectional cohort in Ghana and 47 from an HBV nucleoside/nucleotide treatment trial comparing tenofovir to adefovir in the United States.
A multiscale model of the action of a capsid assembly modulator for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
bioRxiv
July 2024
Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is strongly associated with increased risk of liver cancer and cirrhosis. While existing treatments effectively inhibit the HBV life cycle, viral rebound occurs rapidly following treatment interruption. Consequently, functional cure rates of chronic HBV infection remain low and there is increased interest in a novel treatment modality, capsid assembly modulators (CAMs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActivation of alveolar epithelial ER stress by β-coronavirus infection disrupts surfactant homeostasis in mice: implications for COVID-19 respiratory failure.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
August 2024
Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
COVID-19 syndrome is characterized by acute lung injury, hypoxemic respiratory failure, and high mortality. Alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells are essential for gas exchange, repair, and regeneration of distal lung epithelium. We have shown that the causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and other members of the β-coronavirus genus induce an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in vitro; however, the consequences for host AT2 cell function in vivo are less understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFGF4 protects the liver from immune-mediated injury by activating CaMKK-PINK1 signal pathway to inhibit hepatocellular apoptosis.
Acta Pharm Sin B
April 2024
Hepatology Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
Article Synopsis
- Immune-mediated liver injury (ILI) happens when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells, causing damage.
- A substance called FGF4 helps protect liver cells, but researchers are still figuring out how it works in ILI.
- When FGF4 is lacking, it can lead to more liver cell death and inflammation, but giving FGF4 can help reduce this damage, making it a possible treatment for liver injuries related to immune disorders.
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