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Background: Delirium is an acute state of confusion associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. Delirium is diagnosed clinically using screening tools; most cases go undetected. Identifying a delirium biomarker would allow for accurate diagnosis, application of therapies, and insight into causal pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The ARTS biomarker is a fully automated software container that predicts the presence of arteriolosclerosis based on in-vivo MRI data and demographic features. The present study describes findings from the instrumental and clinical validation of ARTS conducted by the MarkVCID consortium.
Method: Instrumental validation of ARTS involved assessment of inter-rater reliability, test-retest repeatability, and inter-scanner reproducibility.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Neuroimage Analytics Laboratory and Glenn Biggs Institute Neuroimaging Core, Glenn Biggs Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: The location of proposed brain MRI markers of small vessel disease (SVD) might reflect their pathogenesis and may translate into differential associations with cognition. We derived regional MRI markers of SVD and studied: (i) associations with cognitive performance, (ii) patterns most likely to reflect underlying SVD, (iii) mediating effects on the relationships of age and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk with cognition.
Method: In 891 participants from The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, we segmented enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS), white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and microbleeds (MBs) using deep learning-based algorithms, and calculated white matter (WM) microstructural integrity measures of fractional anisotropy (FA), trace (TR) and free water (FW) using automated DTI-processing pipelines.
Biomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) on MRI can signal impaired cerebral fluid clearance and predict dementia risk. Risk factors and biological correlates of ePVS are uncertain partially due to the lack of pathological correlation studies. Repetitive head impacts (RHI) from contact sports might represent one risk factor for ePVS, given their association with vascular pathologies and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by perivascular p-tau aggregates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomarkers.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), as defined by neuroimaging characteristics such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs), and lacunar infarcts, is highly prevalent and has been associated with dementia risk and other clinical sequelae. Although risk factors for cSVD have been identified, little is known about the biological processes and molecular mediators that influence cSVD development and progression.
Methods: Within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, we used SomaScan Multiplexed Proteomic technology to relate 4,877 plasma proteins to concurrently measured MRI-defined cSVD characteristics, including WMHs, CMHs, and lacunar infarcts, in late-life (n=1508; mean age: 76).
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