We report lithium ion intercalation mediated efficient exfoliation of graphite to form monolithic graphene sheets which have subsequently been investigated for the development of highly sensitive label-free electrochemical detection platform for cardiac biomarker, Troponin I (cTnI). The spectroscopic and morphological analysis demonstrated the formation of defect free graphene sheets which were successfully employed to fabricate an inter-digited microdevice in a drain-source configuration on a silicon biochip. The graphene gated biochip functionalized with anti-cTnI antibodies used in label free detection of cTnI which exhibited an excellent sensitivity in the picogram range (~1 pg mL(-1)) for cTnI without the use of any enzymatic amplification that promises its potential applicability for bio-molecular detection in clinical diagnosis.
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