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Article Synopsis
  • Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a prevalent and complex issue with varied treatment options and no definitive guidelines, leading to differing management practices internationally.
  • A comprehensive survey with 336 responses from specialists in 49 countries explored current medical and surgical strategies for NOA, analyzing results against existing guidelines and offering expert recommendations.
  • Key findings included diverse approaches to hormonal therapy, significant variation in sperm retrieval success rates, and differing protocols around varicocele repair and follicle-stimulating hormone cutoff levels for sperm retrieval.
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Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in contemporary antiretroviral therapy: a single cell analysis.

AIDS

November 2022

Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.

Objective: To quantify mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of people treated with contemporary antiretroviral therapy.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Methods: Quantitative multiplex immunofluorescence was performed to determine mitochondrial mass and respiratory chain complex abundance in individual myofibres from tibialis anterior biopsies.

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Testicular Mapping: A Roadmap to Sperm Retrieval in Nonobstructive Azoospermia?

Urol Clin North Am

May 2020

Department of Urology, University of Washington, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Guiding a couple with nonobstructive azoospermia requires an integrated approach to care by the urologist and the reproductive endocrinologist. After informing the couple of the implications of the diagnosis, care must be taken to outline the options of parenthood. Most experts agree that sperm retrieval in men can be challenging.

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Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the most severe form of male factor infertility. It is characterized by a lack of spermatogenesis in the seminiferous tubules. Microdissection testicular sperm extraction (microTESE) has significantly improved testicular sperm retrieval rates compared to conventional techniques for NOA.

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Next generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) is a flexible approach that can be applied to a range of applications including global quantification of transcript expression, the characterization of RNA structure such as splicing patterns and profiling of expressed mutations. Many RNA-seq protocols require up to microgram levels of total RNA input amounts to generate high quality data, and thus remain impractical for the limited starting material amounts typically obtained from rare cell populations, such as those from early developmental stages or from laser micro-dissected clinical samples. Here, we present an assessment of the contemporary ribosomal RNA depletion-based protocols, and identify those that are suitable for inputs as low as 1-10 ng of intact total RNA and 100-500 ng of partially degraded RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.

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