The use of psychoactive drugs by teenagers presents commonalities and specificities depending on the substances used. The connection noted between the early age of use and the onset of harm, supports the recommendation of early interventions targeting all drugs. However, drug use differs according to the type of substance, highlighting the need to take into accountthese specificities in addiction therapy.
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PLoS Biol
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.
Worrying about perceived threats is a hallmark of multiple psychological disorders including anxiety. This concern about future events is particularly important when an individual is faced with an approach-avoidance conflict. Potential goals to approach are known to be represented in the dorsal hippocampus during theta cycles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Transl Sci
January 2025
Pharmacometrica, La Fouillade, France.
Placebo effect represents a serious confounder for the assessment of treatment effect to the extent that it has become increasingly difficult to develop antidepressant medications appropriate for outperforming placebo. Treatment effect in randomized, placebo-controlled trials, is usually estimated by the mean baseline adjusted difference of treatment response in active and placebo arms and is function of treatment-specific and non-specific effects. The non-specific treatment effect varies subject by subject conditional to the individual propensity to respond to placebo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sep Sci
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil.
Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main components of Cannabis sativa plants, can interact with specific cell receptors known as cannabinoid receptors (CBs). The endogenous compounds anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) are CB agonists, and, alongside enzymes, they constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and take part in neuromodulation. Several LC-MS/MS methods have been developed to quantify these compounds in biological matrixes, but a fast and simple method that can determine these analytes in plasma samples simultaneously is not available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
December 2024
Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Objectives: To describe the population that meets the criteria for major depressive disorder (MDD) in British Columbia (BC), compare patterns of healthcare utilisation between those with MDD who are and are not prescribed pharmacotherapy, and assess these relationships in models that control for potential confounding variables.
Design: We used a population cross-sectional study design among a cohort of individuals living with MDD and examined the relationship between pharmacotherapy and healthcare utilisation between 2019 and 2020 using linked billing and administrative data.
Setting: This study identified individuals with MDD using a validated case definition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes in BC, Canada.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol
February 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are health-hazardous through unpredictable toxicity and effects and largely unknown epidemiology, motivating studies of the latter. Up to 138 NPS were retrospectively identified using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry data from all 34 183 oral fluid drug samples collected in one Swedish health care region 2019-2020 representing 9468 psychiatric and addiction care patients. In total, 618 findings representing 58 NPS were detected in 481 samples from 201 patients.
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