An isolate of potato virus Y (PVY), PVY-M3, was subjected to biological characterization on potato indicators and to whole-genome sequencing. PVY-M3 induced a local and systemic hypersensitive resistance (HR) response in potato cultivar Maris Bard expressing the Nz gene while inducing no HR in potato cultivars Desiree and King Edward, carrying Ny and Nc genes, respectively. These HR responses, combined with a lack of vein necrosis in tobacco, clearly defined PVY-M3 as an isolate of the PVY(Z) strain. Recombination analysis demonstrated that PVY-M3 had a typical European PVY(NTN) genome with three recombinant junctions, and PVY(N) and PVY(O) were identified as parents.
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