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Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT), which forces use of the impaired arm following stroke, improves functional recovery. The mechanisms underlying recovery are not well understood, necessitating further investigation into how rehabilitation may affect neuroplasticity using animal models. Animal motivation and stress make modelling CIMT in animals challenging. We have shown that following focal ischemia, voluntary forced use therapy using pet activity balls could engage the impaired forelimb and result in a modest acceleration in recovery. In this study, we investigated the effects of a more intensive appetitively motivated regimen that included task specific reaching exercises. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to focal unilateral stroke using intracerebral injections of endothelin-1 or sham surgery. Three days later, stroke animals were assigned to daily rehabilitation or control therapy. Rehabilitation consisted of 30 min of generalized movement sessions in activity balls, followed by 30 min of voluntary task-specific movement using reaching boxes. Rats were tested weekly to measure forelimb deficit and recovery. After 30 days, animals were euthanized and tissue was examined for infarct volume, brain derived neurotrophic factor expression, and the presence of new neurons using doublecortin immunohistochemistry. Rehabilitation resulted in a significant acceleration of forelimb recovery in several tests, and a significant increase in the number of doublecortin-expressing cells. Furthermore, while the proportion of cells expressing BDNF in the peri-infarct region did not change, there was a shift in the cellular origin of expressed BDNF, resulting in significantly more non-neuronal, non-astrocytic BDNF, presumed to be of microglial origin.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2013.12.032 | DOI Listing |
Am J Transl Res
November 2024
Department of Rehabilitation, Panjin Liao He Oil Field Gem Flower Hospital Panjin 124010, Liaoning, China.
Objective: To investigate the effects of graded exercise rehabilitation training tailored to pulmonary function classification on dyspnea, pulmonary function, and exercise capacity during postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients following lung cancer surgery.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 168 elderly patients undergoing postoperative rehabilitation after lung cancer surgery at Panjin Liaohe Oilfield Gem Flower Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on the rehabilitation received: the control group (n=71), receiving standard rehabilitation, and the study group (n=97), receiving additional graded exercise rehabilitation based on pulmonary function classification.
Int Rev Psychiatry
November 2024
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
In an era marked by escalating international crises, environmental shifts, and sociopolitical volatilities, global mental health is facing profound challenges. With its distinctive position at the intersection between clinical and judicial domains, forensic psychiatry can be predisposed to the consequences of adverse external determinants and events. At present, geopolitical conflicts, rising insecurities, climate change, forced and voluntary migration, and regressive sociopolitical ideologies are all compounding role responsibilities, care models, and ethical expectations across forensic-psychiatric practice; in short, complex distal factors are increasingly informing domestic considerations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
November 2024
Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
In everyday conversation, bilingual individuals switch between their languages not only in reaction to monolinguals with different language profiles but also voluntarily and naturally. However, whether and how various switching contexts dynamically modulate domain-general cognitive control is still unclear. Using a cross-task paradigm in which a flanker task was interleaved with a language-switching task trial-by-trial, the present study examined the performance of unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals on a flanker task in forced, voluntary, and natural switching contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeriatrics (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
(1) Background: Older adults with chronic stroke may experience compromised upper airway functions due to stroke-related changes and aging. This study aimed to evaluate the functional capacity of the upper airway in older adults with chronic stroke. (2) Methods: A total of 44 patients (22 in each group) were included in the study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Dis
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Although age-related deterioration of the cardiac function is a well-studied area of research, the interventions and their molecular pathways have not yet been fully identified. Since physical activity is a powerful preventive measure against cardiac aging, our study compared the effects of long-term voluntary and forced physical activity with a sedentary group, utilizing an aging rat model characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction that contributes to age-related cardiovascular diseases. Four experimental groups were created: (I) young controls (12-week-old); (II) 18-month-old aged sedentary rats; (III) aged group with free access to running wheels for 6 months; (IV) aged rats subjected to forced physical activity for 6 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!