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Impact of media coverage on the transmission dynamics of TB with vaccines and treatment.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, College of Natural and Computational Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Adis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the deadly infectious diseases affecting millions of individuals throughout the world. The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of media coverage on the transmission dynamics of TB with vaccine and treatment strategy using mathematical model analysis. In the qualitative analysis of the proposed model we proved the existence, uniqueness, positivity, and boundedness of the model solutions, investigated both the disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, computed the basic and effective reproduction numbers using next generation matrix approach, analyzed the stability analysis of the equilibrium points, the backward bifurcation using the Castillo-Chavez and Song theorem and we re-formulated the corresponding optimal control problem and analyzed by applying the Pontryagin's Minimum Principle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCOVID-19 dynamic modeling of immune variability and multistage vaccination strategies: A case study in Malaysia.
Infect Dis Model
June 2025
School of Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11700, Glugor, Pulau Penang, Malaysia.
Hybrid-immune and immunodeficient individuals have been identified by the World Health Organization as two vulnerable groups in the context of COVID-19, but their distinct characteristics remain underexplored. To address this gap, we developed an extended compartmental model that simulates the spread of COVID-19 and the impact of administering three doses of the vaccine (first, second, and booster). This study aims to provide insights into how these vulnerable populations respond to vaccination and the dynamics of waning immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of nonlinear impulsive controls and seasonality on hantavirus infection.
Math Biosci
January 2025
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China. Electronic address:
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by hantavirus is prevalent across China and causes a significant number of deaths every year. This study aims to examine the transmission dynamics of hantavirus and to suggest effective control measures. We extend a periodic model of HFRS infection including house/field mice, contaminated environments, and the human population by introducing nonlinear pulses used to describe impulsive interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer vaccines: platforms and current progress.
Mol Biomed
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Cancer vaccines, crucial in the immunotherapeutic landscape, are bifurcated into preventive and therapeutic types, both integral to combating oncogenesis. Preventive cancer vaccines, like those against HPV and HBV, reduce the incidence of virus-associated cancers, while therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to activate dendritic cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes for durable anti-tumor immunity. Recent advancements in vaccine platforms, such as synthetic peptides, mRNA, DNA, cellular, and nano-vaccines, have enhanced antigen presentation and immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploration of Bogdanov-Takens and Hopf bifurcation through coupling of nonlinear recovery with multiple reinfections of COVID-19.
Chaos
January 2025
Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar, Assam 788010, India.
This study introduces a five-compartment model to account for the impacts of vaccination-induced recovery and nonlinear treatment rates in settings with limited hospital capacity. To reflect real-world scenarios, the model incorporates multiple reinfections in both vaccinated and recovered groups. It reveals a range of dynamics, including a disease-free equilibrium and up to six endemic equilibria.
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