Study Objective: To evaluate the role of protective defunctioning stoma (PDS) on the occurrence of digestive tract complications after colorectal resection to treat endometriosis.
Design: Prospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).
Setting: University hospital.
Patients: All patients undergoing segmental colorectal resection to treat colorectal endometriosis with and without PDS between 2003 and 2011 at Tenon University Hospital, Paris, France.
Measurements And Main Results: Patients were assessed at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively and each year thereafter. Median follow-up was 60 months. Of 198 patients included for analysis, 53 (27%) had PDS. Overall, 15 (7.5%) digestive tract complications occurred: 9 (4.5%) rectovaginal fistulas and 6 (3%) anastomotic leakages. All rectovaginal fistulas occurred in patients with a low colorectal anastomosis (p < .001) and 88% (8 of 9) in patients with a partial colpectomy (p < .001). PDS was associated with a decrease in the number of rectovaginal fistulas in women undergoing partial colpectomy and low colorectal resection from 27% to 15%, without reaching significance (p = .4). No anastomotic leakage occurred in patients with PDS.
Conclusion: Our results support that PDS can be omitted in patients with mid-colorectal anastomosis without partial colpectomy. In patients requiring partial colpectomy or partial colpectomy plus low colorectal anastomosis, PDS remains questionable.
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