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Malaria prevalence, transmission potential and efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapy in the Kenyan Central highlands: a zone previously characterized as malaria-free.
Malar J
January 2025
Centre for Biotechnology Research and Development, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: The current study sought to re-evaluate malaria prevalence, susceptibility to artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), transmission patterns and the presence of malaria vectors in the Kikuyu area of the Kenyan Central highlands, a non-traditional/low risk malaria transmission zone where there have been anecdotal reports of emerging malaria infections.
Methods: Sampling of adult mosquitoes was done indoors, while larvae were sampled outdoors in June 2019. The malaria clinical study was an open label non-randomized clinical trial where the efficacy of one ACT drug, was evaluated in two health facilities.
Monitoring of indoor air quality at a large sailing cruise ship to assess ventilation performance and disease transmission risk.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Centre for Safety, Resilience and Protective Security, Fire Safety Engineering Group, School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Greenwich SE10 9LS, United Kingdom.
Large passenger ships are characterised as enclosed and crowded indoor spaces with frequent interactions between travellers, providing conditions that facilitate disease transmission. This study aims to provide an indoor ship CO dataset for inferring thermal comfort, ventilation and infectious disease transmission risk evaluation. Indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring was conducted in nine environments (three cabins, buffet, gym, bar, restaurant, pub and theatre), on board a cruise ship voyaging across the UK and EU, with the study conducted in the framework of the EU HEALTHY SAILING project.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccounting for air cleaner utilization and performance to improve interpretation of patient outcomes in real-world indoor air cleaner intervention trials.
Environ Sci Process Impacts
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Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Alumni Memorial Hall Room 228, 3201 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
There is an increasing number of randomized clinical trials intended to assess the effectiveness of indoor air cleaners for improving participant outcomes in real-world settings. In this communication, we synthesize the current state of registered air cleaner intervention trials and call attention to the critical importance of conducting measurements to characterize the performance and utilization of air cleaners in such trials to improve interpretation of exposure measurements and patient outcomes. We draw upon the existing literature and preliminary findings from our ongoing one-year, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled case-control trial of stand-alone air filtration in the homes of U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors Affecting Chlorinated Product Formation from Sodium Hypochlorite Bleach and Limonene Reactions in the Gas Phase.
ACS EST Air
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Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States.
During use of sodium hypochlorite bleach, gas-phase hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chlorine (Cl) are released, which can react with organic compounds present in indoor air. Reactivity between HOCl/Cl and limonene, a common constituent of indoor air, has been observed. The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical species generated from gas-phase reactions between HOCl/Cl and limonene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel MOF-on-MOF-derived carbon-encapsulated CeO/Co/CoO humidity-resistant heterojunction with abundant oxygen vacancies for efficient ozone removal.
Environ Res
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Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Ground-level ozone (O) can infiltrate indoor environments, severely impacting the environment and human health. Moisture-induced catalyst deactivation is a major challenge in catalytic ozone removal. MOF-template-derived heterojunctions supported by carbon materials can prevent chemisorption of water vapor at active sites.
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