Thermograms of the caudal udder surface were taken of five healthy cows before and after inoculation of Escherichia coli into the right hind quarter. Images in clinically normal udder quarters from cows without fever (CN) were compared with those post inoculation when cows had fever (⩾ 39.5°C) and showed elevation of somatic cell counts (⩾ 400,000 cells/mL) in the inoculated quarter (CM). Using graphic software tools, different geometric analysis tools (GATs: polygons, rectangles, lines) were set within the thermographic images. The following descriptive parameters (DPs) were employed: minimum value ('min'), maximum value ('max'), range ('max-min'), and arithmetic mean ('am'). Surface temperatures in group CN were between 34.1°C ('polygons'/'min') and 37.9°C ('polygons'/'max'), and in group CM between 34.5°C ('polygons'/'min') and 40.0°C ('polygons'/'max'). The greatest differences in the temperatures between CN and CM (2.06°C) were found in 'polygons' and 'rectangles' using 'max'. The smallest coefficient of variation in triplicate determinations was found in GAT 'polygons' with DP 'max' (Tmax) (0.15%), and the relationship to the rectal body temperature (Tr) could be described by Tr=5.68+0.874*Tmax. The results show that significant changes can be displayed best using the GAT 'polygons' and the DP 'max'. These methods should be considered for automated monitoring of udder health in dairy cows.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2013.10.030 | DOI Listing |
J Dairy Sci
November 2024
Département des sciences des aliments, Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. Electronic address:
Exp Cell Res
November 2024
Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, North 9, West 9, 060-8589, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address:
Leptin is a peptide hormone present in both the blood and milk. A close relationship between leptin and milk production in lactating mammary glands has been previously reported. However, how leptin influences milk production in lactating mammary glands remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Breed Genet
October 2024
School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
Cells
October 2024
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si 26339, Republic of Korea.
Difenoconazole (DIF) is a fungicide used to control various fungi. It is absorbed on the surface of different plants and contributes significantly to increased crop production. However, DIF is reported to exhibit toxicity to fungi and to aquatic plants, fish, and mammals, including humans, causing adverse effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
October 2024
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, PR China.
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