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Carcinosarcoma of the breast: Facing the challenge of a rare nosologic entity.
World J Clin Cases
January 2025
Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
Carcinosarcoma (CS), also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation, is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer. It is considered as a mixed, biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin without an intermediate transition zone. Although cellular origin of this neoplasm remains controversial, most researchers declare that neoplastic cells derive from a cellular structure with potential biphasic differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPan-TRK positive uterine sarcoma in immunohistochemistry without neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions: A case report.
World J Clin Cases
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, South Korea.
Background: The classification of uterine sarcomas is based on distinctive morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics, increasingly supported by molecular genetic diagnostics. Data on neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase () gene fusion-positive uterine sarcoma, potentially aggressive and morphologically similar to fibrosarcoma, are limited due to its recent recognition. Pan-TRK immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis serves as an effective screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for -fusion malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2 promotes gastric cancer progression by modulating the TGF-β/smad2/3 pathway.
Am J Transl Res
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
Objective: To investigate the role of heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2 (HS6ST2) in gastric cancer (GC).
Methods: HS6ST2 expression in GC and adjacent normal gastric mucosa was first detected via immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The correlation between the expression level of HS6ST2 and clinicopathological parameters were observed.
Metabolic reprogramming and signaling adaptations in anoikis resistance: mechanisms and therapeutic targets.
Mol Cell Biochem
January 2025
Department of Nursing, Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Anoikis, a form of programmed cell death triggered by detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM), maintains tissue homeostasis by removing mislocalized or detached cells. Cancer cells, however, have evolved multiple mechanisms to evade anoikis under conditions of ECM detachment, enabling survival and distant metastasis. Studies have identified differentially expressed proteins between suspended and adherent cancer cells, revealing that key metabolic and signaling pathways undergo significant alterations during the acquisition of anoikis resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTRPM4 contributes to cell death in prostate cancer tumor spheroids, and to extravasation and metastasis in a zebrafish xenograft model system.
Mol Oncol
January 2025
Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Transient receptor potential melastatin-4 (TRPM4) ion channel expression is upregulated in prostate cancer (PCa), contributing to increased cell proliferation, migration, adhesion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell cycle shift, and alterations of intracellular Ca signaling. GEO2R platform analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ~ 6350 genes in normal and malignant prostate tissue samples from 15 PCa patients demonstrates that TRPM4 expression is upregulated sixfold and is among the most significantly upregulated genes in PCa. We find that absence of TRPM4 reduced PCa tumor spheroid size and decreased PCa tumor spheroid outgrowth.
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