AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) and normal saline affect mortality and blood pressure in rats experiencing cocaine toxicity, hypothesizing ILE would be more effective.
- Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were split into two groups, receiving either ILE or saline before a dose of cocaine, with various health metrics continuously monitored to assess outcomes.
- Results showed significantly better survival rates in the ILE group (80%) compared to the saline group (30%), suggesting ILE could be a valuable treatment for severe cocaine toxicity and warrants further research.
Article Abstract
Study Objective: We compare the effects of intravenous lipid emulsion and normal saline solution pretreatment on mortality and hemodynamic changes in a rat model of cocaine toxicity. We hypothesize that intravenous lipid emulsion will decrease mortality and hemodynamic changes caused by cocaine administration compared with saline solution.
Methods: Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were sedated and randomized to receive intravenous lipid emulsion or normal saline solution, followed by a 10 mg/kg bolus of intravenous cocaine. Continuous monitoring included intra-arterial blood pressure, pulse rate and ECG tracing. Endpoints included a sustained undetectable mean arterial pressure (MAP) or return to baseline MAP for 5 minutes. The log-rank test was used to compare mortality. A mixed-effect repeated-measures ANOVA was used to estimate the effects of group (intravenous lipid emulsion versus saline solution), time, and survival on change in MAP, pulse rate, or pulse pressure.
Results: In the normal saline solution group, 7 of 10 animals died compared with 2 of 10 in the intravenous lipid emulsion group. The survival rate of 80% (95% confidence interval 55% to 100%) for the intravenous lipid emulsion rats and 30% (95% confidence interval 0.2% to 58%) for the normal saline solution group was statistically significant (P=.045).
Conclusion: Intravenous lipid emulsion pretreatment decreased cocaine-induced cardiovascular collapse and blunted hypotensive effects compared with normal saline solution in this rat model of acute lethal cocaine intoxication. Intravenous lipid emulsion should be investigated further as a potential adjunct in the treatment of severe cocaine toxicity.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.11.017 | DOI Listing |
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