The proboscis files.

Fortune

Published: October 2013

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Basic volatiles like ammonia are found in insect environments, and at high concentrations cause an atypical action potential burst, followed by inhibition in multiple classes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in . During the period of inhibition, ORNs are unable to fire action potentials to their ligands but continue to display receptor potentials. An increase in calcium is also observed in antennal cells of and .

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Two experiments examined conditioned suppression of the Proboscis Extension Response (PER), unconditionally released by sucrose stimulation of gustatory tarsal receptors, in young (7-day-old), middle-aged (30-day-old) and old (50-day-old) Drosophila melanogaster males, reared at 25 degrees C. Individual flies were trained in a differential conditioning procedure in which a white stimulus signalled a quinine reinforcer, whereas a black stimulus was non-reinforced. When trained from the outset with the discriminative procedure, flies of all ages acquired the discrimination, although the acquisition of PER suppression to the white stimulus was retarded in middle-aged and old flies.

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