Introduction: Toxocariasis is a roundworm infection that may be associated with serious cardiac manifestations. We report one case and review another 12 cases in the literature.
Case Report: A 74-year-old man, presented with clinical features of myopericarditis. Eosinophil count was 20,000/mm(3). The ELISA and Western Blot were positive for Toxocara canis. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and antiparasite treatment. The outcome was rapidly favorable.
Discussion: In the other 12 cases, the cardiac manifestations were often severe: six myocarditis, three tamponades and three Loeffler's endocarditis have been published. Four therapeutic strategies have been reported: symptomatic treatment alone was associated with worse progressive; antiparasite treatment alone or companied with corticosteroids and corticosteroids alone had good results.
Conclusion: The toxocariasis should be investigated systematically in case of eosinophilic cardiomyopathy. The treatment strategy is still controversial.
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