Influence of beta 3-adrenergic receptor Trp64Arg polymorphism on the improvement of metabolic syndrome by exercise-based intervention in Japanese middle-aged males.

Objectives: To date, there have been few intervention studies concerning the association of metabolic syndrome with beta 3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) Trp64Arg polymorphism, although ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism has been reported to be associated with weight gain and insulin resistance by several intervention programs. We examined the influence of ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism on the improvement of metabolic syndrome by an exercise-based intervention program.

Methods: Thirty-six male employees who satisfied the metabolic syndrome criteria participated in a three-month exercise-based intervention program (average age, 49 ± 6 years old). The improvement rate of metabolic syndrome after the intervention was compared between subjects with and without ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism. The Mantel-Haenszel test was employed to adjust the age, diet, and exercise in analysis of the influence of ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism on metabolic syndrome. The Trp64Arg genotype of the β3-adrenoceptor gene was examined in peripheral blood leukocyte DNA by TaqMan PCR assay.

Results: The distribution of polymorphism was 23 (Trp/Trp), 13 (Trp/Arg), and 0 (Arg/Arg). The metabolic syndrome improvement rates after intervention were 21.7% (Trp/Trp) and 53.8% (Trp/Arg) (p = 0.050). After adjustment individually for age, calorie limitation, and 10,000 or more and 12,000 or more steps of walking per day during intervention, the odds ratios of the Trp/Arg genotype for improvement of metabolic syndrome relative to that of the Trp/Trp genotype were 5.1 (p = 0.043), 4.9 (p = 0.051), 3.7 (p = 0.074), and 5.0 (p = 0.045), respectively.

Conclusion: The results suggested that ADRB3 Trp64Arg polymorphism influences the metabolic syndrome improvement rate by exercise-based intervention program.