The last two decades have seen a tremendous development in high resolution microscopy techniques giving rise to acronyms such as TIRFM, SIM, PALM, STORM, and STED. The goal of all these techniques is to overcome the physical resolution barrier of light microscopy in order to resolve precise protein localization and possibly their interaction in cells. Neuroendocrine cell function is to secrete hormones and peptides on demand. This fine-tuned multi-step process is mediated by a large array of proteins. Here, we review the new microscopy techniques used to obtain high resolution and how they have been applied to increase our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in neuroendocrine cell secretion. Further the limitations of these methods are discussed and insights in possible new applications are provided.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2013.00222 | DOI Listing |
Cancers (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 0T6, Canada.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, highlighting a major clinical challenge. Lung cancer is broadly classified into two histologically distinct subtypes, termed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) or non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Identification of various oncogenic drivers of NSCLC has facilitated the development of targeted therapies that have dramatically improved patient outcomes.
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January 2025
Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN 46221, USA.
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant form of cancer, representing 15% of lung cancer cases globally. SCLC is classified within the range of neuroendocrine pulmonary neoplasms, exhibiting shared morphologic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and molecular genomic features. It is marked by rapid proliferation, a propensity for early metastasis, and an overall poor prognosis.
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January 2025
The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
Background: While the clinical use of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs is well established in neuroendocrine tumors, there is growing interest in expanding their application to other somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2)-expressing cancers. This study investigates the potential utility of SSTR2-targeted theranostics in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: SSTR2 expression in HCC cell lines and clinical samples was evaluated using qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and a public dataset.
Biology (Basel)
January 2025
Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of stress-induced immunosuppression and developing reliable diagnostic methods are important tasks in clinical medicine. This will allow for the development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of conditions associated with immune system dysfunction induced by chronic stress. The purpose of this review is to conduct a comprehensive analysis and synthesis of existing data on the regulatory mechanisms of stress-induced immunosuppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagn Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, India, Manipal, 576104.
Background: Muscle-invasive bladder carcinomas (MIBCs) exhibit significant heterogeneity, with diverse histopathological features associated with varied prognosis and therapeutic response. Although genomic profiling studies have identified several molecular subtypes of MIBC, two basic molecular subtypes are identified - luminal and basal, differing in biological behaviour and response to treatment. As molecular subtyping is complex, surrogate immunohistochemical (IHC) markers have been used to determine the molecular subtypes with good correlation to genomic profiling.
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