The pregnancy rate for U.S. women in 2009 was 102.1 per 1,000 women aged 15-44, the lowest level in 12 years; only the 1997 rate of 101.6 has been lower in the last 30 years. Rates for women under age 30 fell during 1990-2009, while rates for women aged 30 and over increased. Rates for teenagers reached historic lows in 2009, including rates for the three major race and Hispanic origin groups. Pregnancy rates have declined about 10% each for married and unmarried women since 1990. The birth rate for married women was 72% higher than the rate for unmarried women; the abortion rate for unmarried women was almost five times higher than the rate for married women. Pregnancy rates for women in the United States continued to decline in 2009, reaching the lowest level in 12 years (102.1 per 1,000 women aged 15-44). This level is 12% below the 1990 peak (115.8). The estimated number of pregnancies dropped to 6,369,000 (4,131,000 live births, 1,152,000 induced abortions, and 1,087,000 fetal losses). The drop in birth rates since 2007 has been well documented. However, it is important to examine the other outcomes of pregnancy to understand the full scope of current reproductive trends. The data in this report provide a comprehensive picture of pregnancies and pregnancy outcomes. Data on pregnancy outcomes by age, race and Hispanic origin, and marital status are presented using data from the National Vital Statistics System, the Abortion Surveillance System and Guttmacher Institute, and the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG).
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Int J Surg
January 2025
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR.
Background: Understanding based on up-to-date data on the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is limited, especially regarding how subtypes contribute to the overall NCD burden and the attributable risk factors across locations and subtypes. We aimed to report the global, regional, and national burden of NCDs, subtypes, and attributable risk factors in 2021, and trends from 1990 to 2021 by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Materials And Methods: We used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to estimate the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for NCDs and subtypes, along with attributable risk factors.
JAMA Pediatr
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Importance: Cyclophosphamide and calcineurin inhibitors are the most used nonsteroid immunosuppressive medications globally for children with various chronic inflammatory conditions. Their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain, leading to worldwide practice variation. Nephrotic syndrome is the most common kidney disease managed by pediatricians globally and suboptimal treatment is associated with high morbidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gynecol Pathol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Muğla Sitki Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
This study aims to investigate the expression pattern of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the tissue of endometrioid type endometrial cancer (EEC) using immunohistochemistry, and also to investigate the effect of hCG expression pattern on prognosis and survival in EEC. We evaluated patients who were operated between 2010 and 2020 in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our center due to EEC. In total, 194 women were determined to be in either the hCG-negative group (n=137) or the hCG-positive group (n=57).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Gynecol Pathol
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
Pure ductal-type mesonephric remnants in the uterine cervix are rare. We report an unusual case in a 31-yr-old of cervical mesonephric remnants of predominantly ductal type exhibiting seminal vesicle-like differentiation in a female-to-male transgender patient receiving long-term testosterone therapy. To the best of our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been previously reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
January 2025
Sierra Pacific Mental Illness, Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Background: While men have been found to drink more alcohol and have higher rates of alcohol-related mortality, women tend to experience higher rates of alcohol-related consequences, including psychological comorbidities and worse alcohol use disorder (AUD) outcomes. However, gender differences in comorbid psychopathology and associations with AUD outcomes among veterans are less well understood.
Methods: Veterans (N = 126; 32 women) receiving inpatient treatment for AUD completed baseline clinical measures including the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Early Life Stress Questionnaire, and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5.
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