Introduction: Previously treated TB patients with pulmonary symptoms are often considered recurrent TB suspects in the resource-limited settings, where investigations are limited to microscopy and chest x-ray. Category II anti-TB drugs may be inappropriate and may expose patients to pill burden, drug toxicities and drug-drug interactions.
Objective: To determine the causes of pulmonary symptoms in HIV-infected smear negative recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis suspects at Mulago Hospital, Kampala.
Methods: Between March 2008 and December 2011, induced sputum samples of 178 consented HIV-infected smear negative recurrent TB suspects in Kampala were subjected to MGIT and LJ cultures for mycobacteria at TB Reference Laboratory, Kampala. Processed sputum samples were also tested by PCR to detect 18S rRNA gene of P.jirovecii and cultured for other bacteria.
Results: Bacteria, M. tuberculosis and Pneumocystis jirovecii were detected in 27%, 18% and 6.7% of patients respectively and 53.4% of the specimens had no microorganisms. S. pneumoniae, M. catarrhalis and H. influenzae were 100% susceptible to chloramphenicol and erythromycin but co-trimoxazole resistant.
Conclusion: At least 81.5% of participants had no microbiologically-confirmed TB. However our findings call for thorough investigation of HIV-infected smear negative recurrent TB suspects to guide cost effective treatment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3849471 | PMC |
| http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0082257 | PLOS |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Risk factors associated with post-tuberculosis sequelae: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
EClinicalMedicine
November 2024
School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Article Synopsis
- The study examines post-tuberculosis (TB) health issues that continue to affect survivors even after treatment and aims to identify risk factors linked to these long-term consequences.
- A systematic review of 73 studies involving over 31,000 TB patients was conducted, highlighting a range of physical sequelae, including respiratory and neurological issues.
- Key risk factors identified include older age, previous treatment history, smoking, alcohol consumption, smear-positive pulmonary TB diagnosis, and the presence of pulmonary lesions at the start of treatment.
HIV-Associated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Virally Suppressed Patient With Normal CD4 Count: A Rare Presentation.
Cureus
September 2024
Hematology and Oncology, Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, USA.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a thrombotic process characterized by multiorgan failure secondary to microvascular thrombi comprising platelets and von Willebrand factor. HIV is a known risk factor for TTP. However, patients generally have low CD4+ count during initial presentation or subsequent flare-ups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDetection of cytokines in cervicovaginal lavage in HIV-infected women and its association with high-risk human papillomavirus.
Front Immunol
July 2024
Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina e Saúde (PPgMS), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) show a higher prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and cervical cancer, prompting a study on the immune response cytokines in this group.
- The study tested various cytokines in cervicovaginal lavage samples from 106 WLHA, finding associations between high-risk HPV infection and certain cytokines like IL-10, especially in premenopausal women.
- Results suggest that IL-10 is linked to HPV infection, indicating a Th2 immune response in co-infected patients, but more longitudinal research is needed for deeper insights into its role in HPV-related health issues.
Diagnostic performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis
August 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases and Medical Immunology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Introduction: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a significant health concern, particularly in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who are more susceptible to developing active TB disease. Early and accurate diagnosis of TB is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of transmission. This study aims to evaluate the potential of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosis of suspected PTB in HIV-infected patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Implications of Anemia Among Eastern Sudanese HIV Survivors.
Cureus
May 2024
Hematology, Port Sudan Ahlia University, Port Sudan, SDN.
Background In HIV patients, anemia is the most common hematopoietic consequence, and it has a major influence on life satisfaction, morbidity, and survival. The epidemiology of anemia in this cohort in Sudan, however, is poorly characterized. Aim This study aims to assess the prevalence of anemia and its implications among HIV-positive patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!