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The cannabinoid receptor type 2 as mediator of mesenchymal stromal cell immunosuppressive properties. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Mesenchymal stromal cells are versatile cells that produce important proteins and influence the health and function of other immune and stem cells, playing key roles in immunology.
  • Recent findings indicate that these cells contain components of the endocannabinoid system, which can regulate cytokine release and potentially enhance their immunosuppressive effects.
  • The study suggests that the cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 might help mediate the anti-inflammatory properties and survival capabilities of mesenchymal stromal cells, while also guiding their movement toward sources of endocannabinoids.

Article Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells are non-hematopoietic, multipotent progenitor cells producing cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular matrix proteins that support hematopoietic stem cell survival and engraftment, influence immune effector cell development, maturation, and function, and inhibit alloreactive T-cell responses. The immunosuppressive properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells have attracted much attention from immunologists, stem cell biologists and clinicians. Recently, the presence of the endocannabinoid system in hematopoietic and neural stem cells has been demonstrated. Endocannabinoids, mainly acting through the cannabinoid receptor subtype 2, are able to modulate cytokine release and to act as immunosuppressant when added to activated T lymphocytes. In the present study, we have investigated, through a multidisciplinary approach, the involvement of the endocannabinoids in migration, viability and cytokine release of human mesenchymal stromal cells. We show, for the first time, that cultures of human mesenchymal stromal cells express all of the components of the endocannabinoid system, suggesting a potential role for the cannabinoid CB2 receptor as a mediator of anti-inflammatory properties of human mesenchymal stromal cells, as well as of their survival pathways and their capability to home and migrate towards endocannabinoid sources.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842278PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0080022PLOS

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