The paper presents the technique for transporting CT and CAD 3D-modelling data in software for tension deformities analysis with the possibility for customizing physical properties of certain anatomical structures and constructive materials. The obtained data allowed performing analyzing of tension deformities of dental restorations in ANSYS software.
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Discovering non-associated pressure-sensitive plasticity models with EUCLID.
Adv Model Simul Eng Sci
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Institute for Mechanical Systems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, 8092 Switzerland.
We extend (EUCLID Efficient Unsupervised Constitutive Law Identification and Discovery)-a data-driven framework for automated material model discovery-to pressure-sensitive plasticity models, encompassing arbitrarily shaped yield surfaces with convexity constraints and non-associated flow rules. The method only requires full-field displacement and boundary force data from one single experiment and delivers constitutive laws as interpretable mathematical expressions. We construct a material model library for pressure-sensitive plasticity models with non-associated flow rules in four steps: (1) a Fourier series describes an arbitrary yield surface shape in the deviatoric stress plane; (2) a pressure-sensitive term in the yield function defines the shape of the shear failure surface and determines plastic deformation under tension; (3) a compression cap term determines plastic deformation under compression; (4) a non-associated flow rule may be adopted to avoid the excessive dilatancy induced by plastic deformations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProne Transpsoas Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease.
JBJS Essent Surg Tech
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Neuroscience and Spine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.
Background: Prone transpsoas lumbar interbody fusion (PTP) is a newer technique to treat various spinal disc pathologies. PTP is a variation of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) that is performed with the patient prone rather than in the lateral decubitus position. This approach offers similar benefits of lateral spinal surgery, which include less blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and quicker recovery compared with traditional open spine surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnomalous entropy-driven kinetics of dislocation nucleation.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
The kinetics of dislocation reactions, such as dislocation multiplication, controls the plastic deformation in crystals beyond their elastic limit, therefore critical mechanisms in a number of applications in materials science. We present a series of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations that shows that one such type of reactions, the nucleation of dislocation at free surfaces, exhibit unconventional kinetics, including unexpectedly large nucleation rates under compression, very strong entropic stabilization under tension, as well as strong non-Arrhenius behavior. These unusual kinetics are quantitatively rationalized using a variational transition state theory approach coupled with an efficient numerical scheme for the estimation of vibrational entropy changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHow cells align to structured collagen fibrils: a hybrid cellular Potts and molecular dynamics model with dynamic mechanosensitive focal adhesions.
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Mathematical Institute, Faculty of Science, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Many mammalian cells, including endothelial cells and fibroblasts, align and elongate along the orientation of extracellular matrix (ECM) fibers in a gel when cultured . During cell elongation, clusters of focal adhesions (FAs) form near the poles of the elongating cells. FAs are mechanosensitive clusters of adhesions that grow under mechanical tension exerted by the cells' pulling on the ECM and shrink when the tension is released.
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Mater Res Lett
October 2024
Mechanics & Materials Lab, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Twinning significantly affects the deformation behavior of hexagonal close-packed Mg, so a thorough understanding of twin nucleation and growth mechanisms is required for enhancing the properties of Mg-based materials. The commonly observed tension twins have been traditionally linked to 〈c + a〉 dislocation dissociation, which results in zonal dislocations with large Burgers vectors several times that of a single twinning dislocation and some residual dislocations. Contrarily, our molecular dynamics simulations reveal twin nucleation from pyramidal II stacking faults through atomic shuffling without shear displacements.
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