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UCP1 in brite/beige adipose tissue mitochondria is functionally thermogenic. | LitMetric

UCP1 in brite/beige adipose tissue mitochondria is functionally thermogenic.

Cell Rep

Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address:

Published: December 2013

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study investigates white fat's ability to "brown" or take on fat-burning properties by increasing UCP1, a protein important for thermogenesis, particularly in cold-acclimated mice.
  • Researchers found that UCP1 levels in specific white fat depots could reach near levels found in brown fat, showing these mitochondria could effectively generate heat when stimulated.
  • However, the overall thermogenic potential of white fat was significantly lower compared to brown fat, suggesting that while white fat can contribute to metabolism, brown fat remains the primary tissue for thermogenesis.

Article Abstract

The phenomenon of white fat "browning," in which certain white adipose tissue depots significantly increase gene expression for the uncoupling protein UCP1 and thus supposedly acquire thermogenic, fat-burning properties, has attracted considerable attention. Because the mRNA increases are from very low initial levels, the metabolic relevance of the change is unclear: is the UCP1 protein thermogenically competent in these brite/beige-fat mitochondria? We found that, in mitochondria isolated from the inguinal "white" adipose depot of cold-acclimated mice, UCP1 protein levels almost reached those in brown-fat mitochondria. The UCP1 was thermogenically functional, in that these mitochondria exhibited UCP1-dependent thermogenesis with lipid or carbohydrate substrates with canonical guanosine diphosphate (GDP) sensitivity and loss of thermogenesis in UCP1 knockout (KO) mice. Obesogenic mouse strains had a lower thermogenic potential than obesity-resistant strains. The thermogenic density (UCP1-dependent oxygen consumption per g tissue) of inguinal white adipose tissue was maximally one-fifth of interscapular brown adipose tissue, and the total quantitative contribution of all inguinal mitochondria was maximally one-third of all interscapular brown-fat mitochondria, indicating that the classical brown adipose tissue depots would still predominate in thermogenesis.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2013.10.044DOI Listing

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