Minimally invasive treatment of Raynaud phenomenon: the role of botulinum type A.

Hand Clin

Department of Surgery - Institute for Plastic Surgery, SIU School of Medicine, 747 North Rutledge 3rd Floor, PO Box 19653, Springfield, IL 62794, USA. Electronic address:

Published: February 2014

Although the mechanism is unknown, Btx-A injection may be an effective, localized, nonsurgical treatment option without addictive properties or systemic side effects for the treatment of ischemic digits. Clinical research supports the safety and efficacy of injection of Btx-A for the treatment of Raynaud phenomenon.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hcl.2013.09.006DOI Listing

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