Predictive factors for failure of percutaneous drainage of postoperative abscess after abdominal surgery.

Background: The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy of percutaneous drainage of postoperative abscess after abdominal surgery and to identify factors predictive of failed drainage.

Methods: Data from 81 patients with postoperative abdominopelvic abscesses treated with percutaneous drainage were reviewed. Percutaneous drainage failure was considered when surgery was needed to control the sepsis. Predictive variables were sought using univariate and multivariate analyses with logistic regression models.

Results: Successful drainage requiring 1 (n = 46) or 2 (n = 17) procedures was observed in 63 patients (78%; 95% confidence interval, 67%-86%). Surgery was needed in 18 patients (22%; 95% confidence interval, 14%-38%). Residual collection after a first percutaneous drainage was the single predictive factor for failed drainage on univariate and multivariate analyses (P = .0275).

Conclusions: Percutaneous imaging-guided drainage is a feasible and effective method for the treatment of abdominopelvic abscess, with a success rate of 78%. Residual collection is an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome after percutaneous drainage.