Quantification of OH and HO2 radicals during the low-temperature oxidation of hydrocarbons by Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion technique.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

PhysicoChimie des Processus de Combustion et de l'Atmosphère, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8522, Université Lille Nord de France, F-59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.

Published: December 2013

•OH and •HO2 radicals are known to be the key species in the development of ignition. A direct measurement of these radicals under low-temperature oxidation conditions (T = 550-1,000 K) has been achieved by coupling a technique named fluorescence assay by gas expansion, an experimental technique designed for the quantification of these radicals in the free atmosphere, to a jet-stirred reactor, an experimental device designed for the study of low-temperature combustion chemistry. Calibration allows conversion of relative fluorescence signals to absolute mole fractions. Such radical mole fraction profiles will serve as a benchmark for testing chemical models developed to improve the understanding of combustion processes.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3864279PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1314968110DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

radicals low-temperature
8
low-temperature oxidation
8
fluorescence assay
8
assay gas
8
gas expansion
8
quantification ho2
4
radicals
4
ho2 radicals
4
oxidation hydrocarbons
4
hydrocarbons fluorescence
4

Similar Publications

The mechanism of alkali to inhibit the organics polymerization in improving the biodegradability of wastewater treated by heat/peroxydisulfate.

Water Res

January 2025

Yellow River Laboratory of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences (Ministry of Education), College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China. Electronic address:

High-temperature wastewaters can themselves activate peroxydisulfate (PDS) to remove aromatic contaminants via polymerization. This, however, may result in an insufficient carbon source for denitrification during biochemical treatment, and the formed polymers, without a proper reuse method, will be costly to handle as hazardous waste. This study demonstrates that the addition of NaOH can suppress the polymerization of aromatic contaminants, which is observed not only in simulated wastewater but also in actual coking wastewater (ACW).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

What if an experiment could combine the power of cycloaddition and cross-coupling with the formation of an aromatic molecule in a single collision? Crossed molecular beam experiments augmented with electronic structure and statistical calculations provided compelling evidence on a novel radical route involving 1,3-butadiynyl (HCCCC; X∑) radicals synthesizing (substituted) arylacetylenes in the gas phase upon reactions with 1,3-butadiene (CHCHCHCH; XA) and 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (isoprene; CHC(CH)CHCH; XA'). This elegant mechanism merges two previously disconnected concepts of cross-coupling and cycloaddition-aromatization in a single collision event via the formation of two new C(sp)-C(sp) bonds and bending the 180° moiety of the linear 1,3-butadiynyl radical out of the ordinary by 60° to 120°. In addition to its importance to fundamental organic chemistry, this unconventional mechanism links two previously separated routes of gas-phase molecular mass growth processes of polyacetylenes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), respectively, in low-temperature environments such as in cold molecular clouds like the Taurus Molecular Cloud (TMC-1) and in hydrocarbon-rich atmospheres of planets and their moons such as Titan, which revises the established understanding of low-temperature molecular mass growth processes in the Universe.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The delocalization length of charge carriers in organic semiconductors influences their mobility and is an important factor in the design of functional materials. Here, we have studied the radical anions of a series of linear and cyclic butadiyne-linked porphyrin oligomers using CW-EPR, H Mims ENDOR and NIR/MIR spectroelectrochemistry together with DFT calculations and multiscale molecular modeling. Low-temperature hyperfine EPR spectroscopy and optical data show that polarons are delocalized nonuniformly over about four porphyrins with most of the spin density on just two units even in the cyclic structures, in which all porphyrin sites are identical.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Cationic Magnetically Active Nitrogen-Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon with Record Low Band Gap.

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl

January 2025

Inner Mongolia University, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 235 West University Street, 010021, Hohhot, CHINA.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have attracted significant interest in material chemistry, particularly if they own extremely low band gaps and magnetic properties. However, challenges remain regarding the synthetic accessibility and energy saturation issues. In this study, we introduce NR-11, which consists of eleven aromatic rings in its main conjugation and is separately doped with two electron-rich nitrogen atoms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Common salt (NaCl) causes developmental, behavioral, and physiological defects in .

Nutr Neurosci

January 2025

Neural Developmental Biology Lab, Department of Life Science, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India.

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the toxicity of salt on obesity using Drosophila larvae and adult flies, testing varying salt concentrations (50-800 µM).
  • At lower concentrations (50 and 200 µM), significant weight gain and increased feeding behavior were observed, with larvae and adult flies displaying abnormal responses to temperature and light stimuli.
  • The findings reveal that while lower salt concentrations induce stronger adverse effects, higher concentrations deter feeding, suggesting a complex relationship between salt intake and obesity-related behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!