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Mortality in Haemophilia Patients in India: A National Cohort Study.
Haemophilia
December 2024
Advanced Center for Oncology, Hematology and Rare Disorders (ACOHRD), K.J. Somaiya Super Speciality Hospital & Research Center, Somaiya Ayurvihar, Sion East, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Introduction: Mortality and morbidity in persons with haemophilia (PWH) have decreased due to improved diagnosis and treatment along with comprehensive population outreach efforts, but the impact is not uniform in different countries.
Aim: The study aims to assess all-cause and intracranial haemorrhage (ICH)-specific mortality of PWH in India.
Methods: This is a retrospective, observational, multi-centric cohort study of 1020 haemophilia patients from three centres in India.
Sunset Sign Due to Intraventricular Tension Pneumocephalus: A Key Clue to Evaluating Delayed Emergence After General Anesthesia.
Cureus
November 2024
Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, USA.
Prompt emergence from general anesthesia is crucial after neurosurgical procedures, such as craniotomies, to facilitate timely neurological evaluation for identification of intraoperative complications. Delayed emergence can be caused by residual anesthetics, metabolic imbalances, and intracranial pathology, for which an eye examination can provide early diagnostic clues. The sunset sign (or setting sun sign), characterized by a downward deviation of the eyes, can be an early indicator of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) or midbrain compression, as is commonly observed in states of hydrocephalus or periaqueductal or tectal plate dysfunction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of acetazolamide in critical care and emergency medicine.
J Geriatr Cardiol
November 2024
Geriatric Medicine Residency Program, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Acetazolamide is the commonly prescribed oral and intravenous carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; over the years, its use in clinical practice has decreased in favor of more recent drugs. However, it is a rather handy drug, which can be useful in several clinical settings when managing critically ill patients. The objective of this review is the evaluation of the most recent evidence on the use of acetazolamide in emergency medicine and critical care medicine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Historical and Clinical Foundations of the Modern Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit.
World Neurosurg
December 2024
Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Department of Neurology and Feil Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address:
The subspecialty of neurocritical care has grown significantly over the past 40 years along with advancements in the medical and surgical management of neurological emergencies. The modern neuroscience intensive care unit (neuro-ICU) is grounded in close collaboration between neurointensivists and neurosurgeons in the management of patients with such conditions as ischemic stroke, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, subdural hematomas, and traumatic brain injury. Neuro-ICUs are also capable of specialized monitoring such as serial neurological examinations by trained neuro-ICU nurses; invasive monitoring of intracranial pressure, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral hemodynamics; cerebral microdialysis; and noninvasive monitoring, including the use of pupillometry, ultrasound monitoring of optic nerve sheath diameters, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, near-infrared spectroscopy, and continuous electroencephalography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessing the Risk of Kidney Stone Development in Patients With Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treated With Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors.
J Neuroophthalmol
December 2024
College of Medicine (JM, AGL), Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (SAA, OAD, AGL), Blanton Eye Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Ophthalmology (SAA), The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Department of Ophthalmology (OAD), Hashemite University, Amman, Jordan; Department of Ophthalmology (AL, AGL), Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Departments of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Neurosurgery (AGL), Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology (AGL), University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and Department of Ophthalmology (AGL), The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa.
Background: The prevalence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is rising with the global obesity epidemic. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs), such as acetazolamide, have been shown to be effective in IIH but can also lead to kidney stone formation. This study evaluates the risk of kidney stone development in patients with IIH treated with CAIs.
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