Conclusion: The detection of the HER4 receptor in 50% of cholesteatomas but never in the reference tissue, and the increased expression of its activating ligand EPI, suggest that EPI-mediated activation of HER4 might play a role in cholesteatoma growth.
Objective: To investigate the expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) system in human middle ear cholesteatoma.
Methods: Forty-seven patients referred for surgery due to cholesteatoma were included in the study. Clinical data were collected. Biopsies of cholesteatoma and skin from the external ear canal were obtained during surgery. mRNA expression was quantified with real-time PCR. The corresponding proteins were visualized using immunohistochemistry.
Results: A systematic investigation of all four receptors, HER1, HER2, HER3, and HER4, and the ligands EGF, transforming growth factor (TGF)-α, amphiregulin (AR), heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), and epiregulin (EPI) of the EGF system is presented. At the mRNA level, the study demonstrates an up-regulation of mRNA encoding EPI and AR. In contrast HER1 and EGF were down-regulated. HER4 mRNA could be detected in 50% of cholesteatoma and 20% of reference tissues, and the HER4 protein was detectable only in cholesteatoma tissue. HER1 and HER2 were also visualized by immunohistochemistry, whereas the ligands EPI, AR, and EGF were undetectable with our methods.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00016489.2013.847282 | DOI Listing |
J Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Datian County General Hospital, 180 Xueshan North Road, Datian County, 366100, China.
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer and one of the most life-threatening malignant tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell death pathway that is crucial for tumor growth. SNX30 is a key regulatory factor in cardiac development; however, its regulatory mechanism and role in inducing ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Xi'an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province, Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
Bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses are reflective organisms that indicate soil health. Investigating the impact of crude oil pollution on the community structure and interactions among bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses in Calamagrostis epigejos soil can provide theoretical support for remediating crude oil pollution in Calamagrostis epigejos ecosystems. In this study, Calamagrostis epigejos was selected as the research subject and subjected to different levels of crude oil addition (0 kg/hm, 10 kg/hm, 40 kg/hm).
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January 2025
Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan.
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and ultimately leads to renal fibrosis, primarily via the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway. Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1), a novel modulator of the TGF-β pathway, has been implicated in the modulation of renal fibrosis by affecting the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling axis. However, the role of LRG1 in the transition from AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
January 2025
Stanford Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease whose prognosis and treatment as defined by the expression of three receptors-oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2; encoded by ERBB2)-is insufficient to capture the full spectrum of clinical outcomes and therapeutic vulnerabilities. Previously, we demonstrated that transcriptional and genomic profiles define eleven integrative subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes, including four ER subtypes with increased risk of relapse decades after diagnosis. Here, to determine whether these subtypes reflect distinct evolutionary histories, interactions with the immune system and pathway dependencies, we established a meta-cohort of 1,828 breast tumours spanning pre-invasive, primary invasive and metastatic disease with whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing.
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January 2025
Department of Bioregulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2 are major molecules that transduce signals from insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors. The physiological functions of these proteins have been intensively investigated in mice, while little is known in other animals. Our previous study showed that the disruption of IRS-2 impairs body growth but not glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in rats, which led us to hypothesize that IRS-1 plays more pivotal roles in insulin functions than IRS-2.
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