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Mutilation of the tree of life via mass extinction of animal genera.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2023
Department of Biology, Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.
Mass extinctions during the past 500 million y rapidly removed branches from the phylogenetic tree of life and required millions of years for evolution to generate functional replacements for the extinct (EX) organisms. Here we show, by examining 5,400 vertebrate genera (excluding fishes) comprising 34,600 species, that 73 genera became EX since 1500 AD. Beyond any doubt, the human-driven sixth mass extinction is more severe than previously assessed and is rapidly accelerating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReturning to "Normal"? Evolutionary Roots of the Human Prospect.
Bioscience
August 2022
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States.
Scientists' warning on population.
Sci Total Environ
November 2022
Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.
Humanity must commit to transformative change on all levels in order to address the climate emergency and biodiversity collapse. In particular, stabilizing and ultimately reducing the human population size is necessary to ensure the long-term wellbeing of our species and other life on Earth. We show how this transition can be accomplished in an equitable framework that promotes human rights.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCircling the drain: the extinction crisis and the future of humanity.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
August 2022
Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Humanity has triggered the sixth mass extinction episode since the beginning of the Phanerozoic. The complexity of this extinction crisis is centred on the intersection of two complex adaptive systems: human culture and ecosystem functioning, although the significance of this intersection is not properly appreciated. Human beings are part of biodiversity and elements in a global ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCropPol: A dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination.
Ecology
March 2022
Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain.
Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions.
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