Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a functional disorder that can occur in all age groups. It is characterized by recurrent stereotypic episodes of nausea and vomiting. Between these episodes are nausea-free intervals. Lack of awareness leads often to delay in making the correct diagnosis. A specific test to identify patients with CVS is still missing. The correct diagnosis is based on the typical anamnestic report and the exclusion of other disorders that are associated with recurrent vomiting. Treatment of acute vomiting episode comprises antiemetic, antimigraine and sedative therapy. For prophylaxis of vomiting episodes, amitriptyline and propranolol are frequently used.
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Landscape of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: From Bedside to Bench, Past to Present.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Investigations into mechanisms of cyclic(al) vomiting syndrome (CVS) began at the bedside more than a century ago. The modern era started with the formation of the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association in 1993 that helped initiate robust efforts in education, advocacy, family physician conferences, scientific symposia, dedicated clinical programs, therapeutic guidelines, and research. Even today, bedside clues continue to emerge with the recent description of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) and subsequent evidence of a perturbed endocannabinoid system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome in pregnancy: a case series and review.
Obstet Med
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Specialist Perinatal Mental Health Service, University Maternity Hospital Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Background: Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is a syndrome of cyclic nausea and vomiting in the setting of chronic cannabis use. To date, only 11 cases of CHS in pregnancy have been reported.
Case Presentation: We describe two cases of uncontrolled vomiting in pregnancy due to CHS.
Diagnostic characteristics of pediatric cyclic vomiting syndrome.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr
December 2024
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Objectives: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) remains a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific presentation despite consensus-based diagnostic criteria. There is a need for improved, evidence-based diagnostic criteria. We hypothesized that symptoms differ quantitatively between children with CVS versus other vomiting conditions and that current diagnostic criteria are not sufficiently sensitive for diagnosing CVS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFuture Applications of Central Neuromodulation and Neurophysiological Testing in Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
December 2024
Center for Neurointestinal Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is defined by its episodic patterning. Furthermore, CVS is associated with other episodic disorders such as migraine and epilepsy. Indeed, many of the medications that are known to be useful for prophylaxis and abortive therapy in CVS are also effective in preventing and aborting migraines and seizures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSymptom Patterns in Adults With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: A 6-Month Prospective Observational Study.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
December 2024
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to understand the symptom patterns and natural history of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) in adults over a 6-month period using daily electronic diaries.
- The research involved 93 enrolled patients, with 88 providing data; a significant number experienced CVS episodes, with a median of 0.6 episodes per month, lasting around 3 days on average.
- The findings indicate variability in episode patterns and emphasize the need for more precise definitions and characterizations of CVS episodes for better understanding and management of the condition.
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