Isoniazid is an effective antituberculosis drug. Isoniazid poisoning produces a characteristic clinical syndrome that occurs 30 to 120 minutes after ingestion and includes seizures, metabolic acidosis, and in severe cases, coma. Rhabdomyolysis is one of the reported complications of isoniazid poisoning, but relevant data are limited. Parenteral pyridoxine is the antidote of isoniazid. In this case, a 16-year-old male patient admitted to the Pediatric Emergency Department two hours after isoniazid poisoning. For treatment, intramuscular pyridoxine was used, but he developed serious rhabdomyolysis.
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BMC Med Res Methodol
December 2024
Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: Liver injury from drug-drug interactions (DDIs), notably with anti-tuberculosis drugs such as isoniazid, poses a significant safety concern. Electronic medical records contain comprehensive clinical information and have gained increasing attention as a potential resource for DDI detection. However, a substantial portion of adverse drug reaction (ADR) information is hidden in unstructured narrative text, which has yet to be efficiently harnessed, thereby introducing bias into the research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLiver Int
January 2025
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity induced by prescribed drugs has been known since the early 20th century. Identifying risk factors, including genetic factors, that trigger this drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has been an important priority for many years, both to prevent drugs that cause liver injury being licensed and as a potential means of preventing at-risk patients being prescribed causative drugs. Improved methods for genomic analysis, particularly the development of genome-wide association studies, have facilitated the identification of genomic risk factors for DILI, but, to date, there are only two main examples, liver injury caused by amoxicillin-clavulanate (AC) and by flucloxacillin, where genetic risk factors causing the injury have been identified and replicated with understanding of the underlying mechanism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWiad Lek
November 2024
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF KUFA, NAJAF, IRAQ.
Objective: Aim: The purpose of this study is to assess the hepatoprotective ef f ect of melatonin against isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP) induced hepatotoxicity in albino mice.
Patients And Methods: Materials and Methods: Adult male mice were divided into four groups: saline, INH-RMP, INH-RMP+MT and MT were administered for 21 days. Biochemical analyses were performed for the determination of ALT, AST.
BMC Complement Med Ther
November 2024
Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of infection related mortality. Isoniazid is one of the frontline drugs for anti-TB therapy. Hepatotoxicity induced by isoniazid is a major cause of drug-discontinuation which may lead to development of resistant TB or increased mortality.
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