AI Article Synopsis
- VHSV-induced genes (VIGs) were first identified in rainbow trout and have shown immunological functions in various fish; however, most research has primarily focused on the gene Vig1, leaving gaps in understanding VIGs in other species.
- A homologue named EcVig was isolated from orange-spotted grouper, with four isoforms identified through alternative splicing, and showing expression patterns that indicate its role in immune responses peaking around 9 days post-hatching.
- EcVig expression increased significantly after the groupers were infected with the nervous necrosis virus (NNV) but decreased in response to the bacterial pathogen Vibrio anguillarum, indicating its potential as an antiviral factor in grouper immune responses.
Article Abstract
VHSV-induced genes (VIGs) were first identified in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and subsequently isolated in a variety of fish. Recent studies have shown that most VIGs have immunological functions against pathogenic infections. However, most research has focused on Vig1, such that our present understanding of these genes in other fish species remains limited. This study isolated a homologue of the uncharacterized O. mykiss Vig-B319 (EcVig) from orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Genomic organization suggests that four EcVig isoforms (EcVig A-D), are generated through alternative splicing. Due to the encoding of 2 immunoglobulin (Ig) domains, the EcVig protein can be considered a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. The expression of EcVig increased 3 days after hatching (dph) and peaked at 9 dph. This pattern is similar to that displayed by EcMx, an important grouper antiviral gene. Additionally, a tissue tropism assay revealed that EcVig A is the major EcVig isoform present in the tissues considered by this study, with the expression of EcVig A exceeding that of EcVig B. We subsequently investigated whether EcVig expression was induced by the viral pathogen nervous necrosis virus (NNV) or the bacterial pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. Following injection with NNV, the expression levels of EcVig showed significant up-regulation. Conversely, a significant reduction was observed in EcVig expression in brain samples collected from V. anguillarum injected grouper. The overexpression of EcVig A suppressed the replication of NNV in grouper GF-1 cell lines, suggesting that EcVig is an important antiviral factor in the grouper immune responses.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2013.10.014 | DOI Listing |
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A novel grouper immune gene, EcVig was identified in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). We recently determined that EcVig expression can be induced by infection with nervous necrosis virus (NNV, an RNA virus), whereas NNV replication may be suppressed when EcVig was overexpressed. Although EcVig appeared to be involved in grouper antiviral activity, its immune effects have not been well characterized.
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Article Synopsis
- VHSV-induced genes (VIGs) were first identified in rainbow trout and have shown immunological functions in various fish; however, most research has primarily focused on the gene Vig1, leaving gaps in understanding VIGs in other species.
- A homologue named EcVig was isolated from orange-spotted grouper, with four isoforms identified through alternative splicing, and showing expression patterns that indicate its role in immune responses peaking around 9 days post-hatching.
- EcVig expression increased significantly after the groupers were infected with the nervous necrosis virus (NNV) but decreased in response to the bacterial pathogen Vibrio anguillarum, indicating its potential as an antiviral factor in grouper immune responses.
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