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Possible mechanisms of spermatogenic dysfunction induced by viral infections: Insights from COVID-19.
Reprod Med Biol
January 2025
Division of Urology, Department of Organs Therapeutics Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Kobe Japan.
Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic nears resolution in 2024, the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections induce spermatogenic dysfunction remain poorly understood. This review examines the mechanisms by which viral infections, particularly COVID-19, disrupt spermatogenesis and highlights the implications for male reproductive health. While reports suggest that spermatogenic dysfunction caused by COVID-19 is mild and transient, these findings may have broader applications in understanding and treating spermatogenic dysfunction caused by future viral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffective cancer immunotherapy combining mRNA-encoded bispecific antibodies that induce polyclonal T cell engagement and PD-L1-dependent 4-1BB costimulation.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Department of Antibody Engineering, Leadartis SL, Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors are essential in cancer treatment, but many patients do not respond due to weakened T cell activity; enhancing T cell function through 4-1BB costimulation and bispecific T cell-engaging antibodies shows promise.
- Two bispecific antibodies, LiTE (EGFR x CD3) and Albu-LiTCo (PD-L1 x 4-1BB), were developed using modified mRNA to ensure effective expression and stability for use in cancer therapy.
- In animal models, the combination of mRNA-encoded bispecific antibodies demonstrated effective tumor growth inhibition, with distinct pharmacokinetic profiles: the TCE had a shorter duration while the costimulatory antibody lasted longer post-ad
Corticostriatal maldevelopment in the R6/2 mouse model of juvenile Huntington's disease.
Neurobiol Dis
January 2025
IDDRC, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
There is a growing consensus that brain development in Huntington's disease (HD) is abnormal, leading to the idea that HD is not only a neurodegenerative but also a neurodevelopmental disorder. Indeed, structural and functional abnormalities have been observed during brain development in both humans and animal models of HD. However, a concurrent study of cortical and striatal development in a genetic model of HD is still lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKey characteristics of carcinogens meet hallmarks for prevention-cutting the Gordian knot.
Front Oncol
September 2024
Agency for Prevention, Environment and Energy, Emilia-Romagna (Arpae), Bologna, Italy.
The complexity of cancer requires a comprehensive approach to understand its diverse manifestations and underlying mechanisms. Initially outlined by Hanahan and Weinberg in 2000 and updated in 2010, the hallmarks of cancer provide a conceptual basis for understanding inherent variability in cancer biology. Recent expansions have further elucidated additional hallmarks, including phenotypic plasticity and senescent cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptome-wide analysis for glucocorticoid receptor-mediated mRNA decay reveals various classes of target transcripts.
Mol Cells
November 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can bind to DNA or RNA, eliciting transcriptional activation/repression or rapid messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation, respectively. Although GR-mediated transcriptional regulation has been well-characterized, the molecular details of rapid mRNA degradation induced by glucocorticoids are not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that glucocorticoid-induced GR-mediated mRNA decay (GMD) takes place in the nucleus and the cytoplasm, acting on pre-mRNAs and mRNAs.
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