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Multipolar traction with homemade "spider" device to improve submucosal dissection of gastric superficial lesions is safe and effective.
Endoscopy
October 2022
Department of Endoscopy and Hepatogastroenterology, Pavillon L, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France.
DARK Classics in Chemical Neuroscience: Krokodil.
ACS Chem Neurosci
December 2020
Department of Forensic Science, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University 1015 Floyd Avenue, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States.
Krokodil is the street name for a homemade mixture that has been used as a cheap substitute for heroin. The main active substance in krokodil is desomorphine, an opioid that is 10 times more potent than morphine. Krokodil use began in Russia and Ukraine but has spread throughout several countries in Europe and North America.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"Krokodil" drug - Related osteonecrosis of midface: A case series.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg
December 2019
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of "Astghik" m/c (Head: prof. Yuri Poghosyan, DSc.), 28a D. Varuzhan Str., Yerevan, 0032, Armenia.
Krokodil is a cheap and effective home-made substitute for heroin. It is widely used over the territory of the former USSR (Russia, Ukraine, Armenia and others). Krokodil drug-related midface ON often occurs as a complication of maxillary ON.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn vitro metabolism of desomorphine.
Forensic Sci Int
August 2018
Department of Forensic Science, Sam Houston State University, Box 2525, 1003 Bowers Blvd, Huntsville, TX 77341, United States. Electronic address:
Desomorphine is reported to be the principal pharmacologically active opioid in Krokodil, a homemade injectable drug that is perceived to be a cheaper alternative to heroin. There have been limited studies regarding its pharmacology or detection in biological matrices. The goal of this study was to contribute further knowledge regarding its metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLethal endomyocarditis caused by chronic "Krokodil" intoxication.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol
June 2018
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Legal Medicine, Policlinico di Bari Hospital, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
"Krokodil" is a home-made opioid drug obtained by synthesizing desomorphine from codeine and combining it with other low-cost additives. Initially introduced in the former Soviet countries, it was then imported to Western Europe as a heroin substitute. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an Italian case of lethal krokodil abuse, that occurred in a 39-year-old man, who died suddenly after transportation to the Emergency Department (ED) for hyperthermia associated with sweating, dyspnoea and tachycardia.
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