Abstract In this commentary we highlight what are to our minds conflicting findings that have been employed to argue for different functional accounts of the mid-frontal event-related potential (ERP) old/new effect. We also offer our views on the difficulties associated with measuring conceptual priming as well as familiarity, and reemphasise that these issues are only a sub-set of those to consider when assessing the ERP literature that is germane to the question of the proceses that the mid-frontal ERP old/new effect indexes.
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