Photodissociation of CO2 is investigated between 13.540 eV and 13.678 eV using the time-sliced velocity-mapped ion imaging (TSVMI) apparatus that is combined with one-color and two-color pump-probe VUV + VUV and VUV + UV detection schemes by probing oxygen fragments at different levels. Several CO2 dissociation channels are directly observed from the ion images, namely CO(X (1)Σ(+)) + O((1)D), CO(X (1)Σ(+)) + O((1)S), CO(a (3)Π) + O((3)P), CO(a (3)Π) + O((1)D), CO(a' (3)Σ(+)) + O((3)P), CO(d (3)Δ) + O((3)P) and CO(e (3)Σ(-)) + O((3)P), whereas no CO(X (1)Σ(+)) + O((3)P) production has been found. The product kinetic energy distributions of these channels are reported for the first time. Possible dissociation mechanisms have been discussed based upon the product vibrational and rotational distributions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp53250j | DOI Listing |
Trials
October 2024
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
Background: In view of the conflicting results from previous studies, the benefit of paclitaxel-coated balloons for arteriovenous fistulas is uncertain and equipoise remains. Although an industry-led trial testing the efficacy of sirolimus-coated balloons in AVFs is in progress, the benefit of sirolimus-coated balloons for arteriovenous fistulas is currently unknown. The purpose of this trial is to compare the efficacy of additional paclitaxel-coated or sirolimus-coated balloons on outcomes after a plain balloon fistuloplasty to preserve the patency of arteriovenous fistulae used for haemodialysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Infect Dis
September 2016
Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, South Africa.
Background: In a proportion of patients with HIV-associated tuberculosis who develop paradoxical immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), the clinical course of IRIS is prolonged necessitating substantial health care utilization for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Prolonged TB-IRIS has not been prospectively studied to date. We aimed to determine the proportion of patients with prolonged TB-IRIS, as well as the clinical characteristics and risk factors for prolonged TB-IRIS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Microbiol
May 2016
Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
Influenza viruses mutate frequently, necessitating constant updates of vaccine viruses. To establish experimental approaches that may complement the current vaccine strain selection process, we selected antigenic variants from human H1N1 and H3N2 influenza virus libraries possessing random mutations in the globular head of the haemagglutinin protein (which includes the antigenic sites) by incubating them with human and/or ferret convalescent sera to human H1N1 and H3N2 viruses. We also selected antigenic escape variants from human viruses treated with convalescent sera and from mice that had been previously immunized against human influenza viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Saf
November 2016
Drug Safety Research Unit, Bursledon Hall, Blundell Lane, Southampton, SO31 1AA, UK.
Introduction: Clinical trials have identified peripheral oedema (PO) as an adverse event of vildagliptin (an oral anti-diabetic drug [OAD]). A post-marketing study (PMS) was conducted to advance the understanding of vildagliptin use and particular safety concerns identified within the risk-management plan. PMS objectives included comparing the hazards between vildagliptin monotherapy and combination therapy for selected a priori identified risks, including PO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment
June 2016
Microinstruments and Systems Laboratory, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
Embryogenesis is a highly regulated process in which the precise spatial and temporal release of soluble cues directs differentiation of multipotent stem cells into discrete populations of specialized adult cell types. In the spinal cord, neural progenitor cells are directed to differentiate into adult neurons through the action of mediators released from nearby organizing centers, such as the floor plate and paraxial mesoderm. These signals combine to create spatiotemporal diffusional landscapes that precisely regulate the development of the central nervous system (CNS).
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