The circadian clock plays an important role in the regulation of physiological processes, including renal function and blood pressure. We have previously shown that the circadian protein period (Per)1 regulates the expression of multiple Na(+) transport genes in the collecting duct, including the α-subunit of the renal epithelial Na(+) channel. Consistent with this finding, Per1 knockout mice exhibit dramatically lower blood pressure than wild-type mice. We have also recently demonstrated the potential opposing actions of cryptochrome (Cry)2 on Per1 target genes. Recent work by others has demonstrated that Cry1/2 regulates aldosterone production through increased expression of the adrenal gland-specific rate-limiting enzyme 3β-dehydrogenase isomerase (3β-HSD). Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that Per1 plays a role in the regulation of aldosterone levels and renal Na(+) retention. Using RNA silencing and pharmacological blockade of Per1 nuclear entry in the NCI-H295R human adrenal cell line, we showed that Per1 regulates 3β-HSD expression in vitro. These results were confirmed in vivo: mice with reduced levels of Per1 had decreased levels of plasma aldosterone and decreased mRNA expression of 3β-HSD. We postulated that mice with reduced Per1 would have a renal Na(+)-retaining defect. Indeed, metabolic cage experiments demonstrated that Per1 heterozygotes excreted more urinary Na(+) compared with wild-type mice. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that Per1 regulates aldosterone levels and that Per1 plays an integral role in the regulation of Na(+) retention.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00472.2013 | DOI Listing |
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January 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Circadian regulation of skin pigmentation is essential for thermoregulation, ultraviolet (UV) protection, and synchronization of skin cell renewal. This regulation involves both cell-autonomous photic responses and non-cell-autonomous hormonal control, particularly through melatonin produced in a light-sensitive manner. Photosensitive opsins, cryptochromes, and melatonin regulate circadian rhythms in skin pigment cells.
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January 2025
College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
The complex interaction between circadian rhythms and physiological functions is essential for maintaining human health. At the heart of this interaction lies the PERIOD proteins (PERs), pivotal to the circadian clock, influencing the timing of physiological and behavioral processes and impacting oxidative stress, immune functionality, and tumorigenesis. PER1 orchestrates the cooperation of the enzyme GPX1, modulating mitochondrial dynamics in sync with daily rhythms and oxidative stress, thus regulating the mechanisms managing energy substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
Circadian rhythm plays a critical role in the progression of autoimmune diseases. While our previous study demonstrated the therapeutic effects of melatonin in experimental autoimmune uveitis, the involvement of circadian rhythm remained unclear. Using a light-induced circadian rhythm disruption model, we showed that disrupted circadian rhythms exacerbate autoimmune uveitis by impairing the stability and function of Treg cells.
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January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Circadian rhythm is the internal homeostatic physiological clock that regulates the 24-hour sleep/wake cycle. This biological clock helps to adapt to environmental changes such as light, dark, temperature, and behaviors. Aging, on the other hand, is a process of physiological changes that results in a progressive decline in cells, tissues, and other vital systems of the body.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMedicine (Baltimore)
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Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of circadian clock genes and the association of shift work and gene polymorphisms with hypertension in healthcare workers. This study recruited 222 healthcare workers, of whom 76 had primary hypertension (Hyp group) and 146 served as controls (Control group). General information and working hours were collected through questionnaires.
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