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Deep learning estimation of northern hemisphere soil freeze-thaw dynamics using satellite multi-frequency microwave brightness temperature observations.
Front Big Data
November 2023
Department of Earth, Geographic, and Climate Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.
Satellite microwave sensors are well suited for monitoring landscape freeze-thaw (FT) transitions owing to the strong brightness temperature (TB) or backscatter response to changes in liquid water abundance between predominantly frozen and thawed conditions. The FT retrieval is also a sensitive climate indicator with strong biophysical importance. However, retrieval algorithms can have difficulty distinguishing the FT status of soils from that of overlying features such as snow and vegetation, while variable land conditions can also degrade performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mobilization and land-to-ocean transfer of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in Arctic watersheds is intricately linked with the region's climate and water cycle, and furthermore at risk of changes from climate warming and associated impacts. This study quantifies model-simulated estimates of runoff, surface and active layer leachate DOC concentrations and loadings to western Arctic rivers, specifically for basins that drain into coastal waters between and including the Yukon and Mackenzie Rivers. Model validation leverages data from other field measurements, synthesis studies, and modeling efforts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe UK's Life Sciences Strategy: opportunities for clinical pharmacology.
Br J Clin Pharmacol
October 2018
Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, UK.
The UK's Life Sciences Strategy provides UK clinical pharmacologists with a unique opportunity to enhance the impact of their discipline on patients and the NHS as well as the pharmaceutical industry. The full benefits of electronic prescribing systems, supported by artificial intelligence, will require clinical pharmacological expertise. Similarly, the Strategy's support for 'healthy ageing' will only be realized if clinical pharmacologists are able to use their expertise in promoting the safe and effective use of medicines in older people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproving public health by improving clinical trial guidelines and their application.
Eur Heart J
June 2017
Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Level 6, West Wing, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Randomized controlled trials are super important for finding out which heart treatments work best and which ones may be unsafe.
- These trials now involve a lot of patients from different countries, making them really large and complex, which requires a lot of resources.
- There are concerns that the current way of doing these trials might not be sustainable and could hurt patient care, leading to discussions at a big meeting in 2015 to find ways to improve cardiovascular research.
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