AI Article Synopsis
- Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) negatively impacts women's physical and mental health, with about 50% of cases remaining unexplained (idiopathic).
- Recent studies highlight the crucial role of annexin 5 (ANXA5), a protein on the trophoblastic surface, in supporting pregnancy through its immunomodulatory and anticoagulant properties.
- Certain genetic haplotypes, like M2, can reduce ANXA5 expression and are linked to RPL and other pregnancy complications, making them significant for understanding RPL's underlying factors.
Article Abstract
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) affects public health and directly compromises the quality of life of hundreds of women, with a detrimental effect on their physical and mental health. Approximately 50% of RPL are not associated to any of the currently known etiology and will be considered idiopathic. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the expression of annexin 5 (ANXA5), a protein found on the trophoblastic surface, plays a fundamental role in the development of pregnancy due to its immunomodulator and anticoagulant function at the placentary level. Some genetic haplotypes of ANXA5 are associated to alterations in the expression of this gene, such as haplotype M2 which is associated to a decrease in the expression of ANXA5. The presence of this haplotype is related to the following conditions occurring during pregnancy: RPL, foetal intrauterine growth restriction, low child weight at birth, preeclampsia and maternal pulmonary thromboembolism. This review describes the structure, function and genetic expression of ANXA5, as well as its possible implication in RPL.
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