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Improving fatty acid availability for bio-hydrocarbon production in Escherichia coli by metabolic engineering. | LitMetric

Improving fatty acid availability for bio-hydrocarbon production in Escherichia coli by metabolic engineering.

PLoS One

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America ; School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China.

Published: June 2014

AI Article Synopsis

  • Previous studies showed that producing fatty acid-derived hydrocarbons in E. coli is possible, but current outputs are low.
  • This research introduced gene deletions in E. coli to enhance fatty acid production by altering metabolic pathways, achieving notable increases in fatty acid levels, particularly in mutants with multiple gene knockouts.
  • Additionally, by integrating a triacylglycerol biosynthesis pathway using specific enzymes, the study improved both the quantity and quality of the fatty acids produced.

Article Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated the feasibility of producing fatty-acid-derived hydrocarbons in Escherichia coli. However, product titers and yields remain low. In this work, we demonstrate new methods for improving fatty acid production by modifying central carbon metabolism and storing fatty acids in triacylglycerol. Based on suggestions from a computational model, we deleted seven genes involved in aerobic respiration, mixed-acid fermentation, and glyoxylate bypass (in the order of cyoA, nuoA, ndh, adhE, dld, pta, and iclR) to modify the central carbon metabolic/regulatory networks. These gene deletions led to increased total fatty acids, which were the highest in the mutants containing five or six gene knockouts. Additionally, when two key enzymes in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway were over-expressed, we observed further increase in strain △cyoA△adhE△nuoA△ndh△pta△dld, leading to 202 mg/g dry cell weight of total fatty acids, ~250% of that in the wild-type strain. Meanwhile, we successfully introduced a triacylglycerol biosynthesis pathway into E. coli through heterologous expression of wax ester synthase/acyl-coenzyme:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) enzymes. The added pathway improved both the amount and fuel quality of the fatty acids. These new metabolic engineering strategies are providing promising directions for future investigation.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798384PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0078595PLOS

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