Immunohistochemical determination of the class of intermediate filaments (keratins, vimentin, desmin, neurofilaments, and glial fibrillary acidic protein) expressed by tumors has become an important diagnostic procedure for the histogenetic classification of neoplasms. A case of a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm of the maxillary alveolar ridge which coexpressed keratin and desmin types of intermediate filaments is reported. These intermediate filaments have been associated with epithelial and muscle cell differentiation, respectively. The morphologic features of the tumor plus the expression of both these intermediate filaments indicate that this neoplasm represents a true carcinosarcoma.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(85)90264-6 | DOI Listing |
Biophys J
January 2025
Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Electronic address:
We present a model to describe the concentration-dependent growth of protein filaments. Our model contains two states, a low entropy/high affinity ordered state and a high entropy/low affinity disordered state. Consistent with experiments, our model shows a diffusion-limited linear growth regime at low concentration, followed by a concentration-independent plateau at intermediate concentrations, and rapid disordered precipitation at the highest concentrations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Melanin pigments block genotoxic agents by positioning on the sun-exposed side of human skin keratinocytes' nucleus. How this position is regulated and its role in genome photoprotection remains unknown. By developing a model of human keratinocytes internalizing extracellular melanin into pigment organelles, we show that keratin 5/14 intermediate filaments mechanically control the 3D perinuclear position of pigments, shielding DNA from photodamage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Peripherin belongs to heterogeneous class III of intermediate filaments, and it is the only intermediate filament protein selectively expressed in the neurons of the peripheral nervous system. It has been previously discovered that peripherin interacts with proteins important for the endo-lysosomal system and for the transport to late endosomes and lysosomes, such as RAB7A and AP-3, although little is known about its role in the endocytic pathway. Here, we show that peripherin silencing affects lysosomal abundance but also positioning, causing the redistribution of lysosomes from the perinuclear area to the cell periphery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
University of St Andrews, School of Biology, North Haugh, Biomolecular Sciences Building, St Andrews, UK.
Cyclic dipeptides are produced by organisms across all domains of life, with many exhibiting anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Oxidations are often key to their biological activities, particularly C-C bond oxidation catalysed by tailoring enzymes including cyclodipeptide oxidases. These flavin-dependent enzymes are underexplored due to their intricate three-dimensional arrangement involving multiple copies of two distinct small subunits, and mechanistic details underlying substrate selection and catalysis are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurogenetics
January 2025
Department of Pediatrics, Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
The cytoskeleton, composed of microtubules, intermediate filaments and actin filaments is vital for various cellular functions, particularly within the nervous system, where microtubules play a key role in intracellular transport, cell morphology, and synaptic plasticity. Tubulin-specific chaperones, including tubulin folding cofactors (TBCA, TBCB, TBCC, TBCD, TBCE), assist in the proper formation of α/β-tubulin heterodimers, essential for microtubule stability. Pathogenic variants in these chaperone-encoding genes, especially TBCD, have been linked to Progressive Encephalopathy with Brain Atrophy and Thin Corpus Callosum (PEBAT, OMIM #604,649), a severe neurodevelopmental disorder.
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